The estrogenic type of smear is characteristic of women in whose body less than normal amounts of progesterone are produced. The total number of cells is reduced, while the concentration of surface cells increases. Almost a third of the growing percentage of CI, EI.
Such processes are typical for pregnancy, in the first three months of bearing the fetus. The next two trimeters are characterized by ten percent growth, accompanied by a decrease in the number of navicular cells. The structural features of the tissues of the reproductive system in this period of time is a separate cellular arrangement without formation of layers.
Menopause
The estrogenic type of smear in postmenopausal women, as can be seen from medical statistics, is detected in many women. Normally, any lady who is faced with menopause should consult a doctor for a detailed study of the state of the body. In this case, a smear is taken to determine the characteristics of the reproductive system, the processes occurring in it.
From the information obtained from such an analysis, one can accurately formulate how healthy a person is and whether his reproductive system has encountered pathological processes. If the body decreases the level of production of hormones, this is sure to be noticed by the doctor, examining the results.
Study Features
Regardless of at what age and for what reasons a woman is prescribed a smear from the vagina, its results are evaluated by analyzing three key parameters:
- ripening index;
- eosinophilic;
- karyopicnotic.
The first of them shows the percentage of epithelial cells present in a sample of tissue. Allocate basal, intermediate, epithelium. In the laboratory, three numerical indicators are formulated that allow the doctor to determine if ovarian failure is present. If, for example, there is an overabundance of surface cells, then we can confidently talk about an increased concentration of estrogen in the tissues of the female body.
Karyopicnosis is an indicator that helps to establish how many formations with pyknotic nuclei are relative to the total number of cell mass. The larger this parameter, the higher the concentration of estrogen in the body.
Completing the topic
Finally, eosinophilic is a parameter detected during cytology of the estrogenic type of smear . It shows how large the percentage of stained cells is in the total number of cells. Normally, the value should be slightly less than that found for the karyopichesia index. If the parameters are set above the norm, it is necessary to find the cause of such a change in a timely manner and take measures to restore the healthy state of the body.
In some cases, the analysis also helps to identify inadequate progesterone activity. During menopause, this is reflected by the presence of layers or crowded cell formations detected with a smear.
Cytology
If the estrogenic type of smear gives such indicators that doctors suggest negative processes in the female body, you need to understand: the ovaries will be the first to be hit. First, the functionality of this organ is inhibited, and then the vaginal mucosa changes.
Such adjustment of the reproductive system is not instantaneous, it requires some time. Partially, the functions of the gonads pass to other internal organs. So, scientists have found that the adrenal glands during menopause can support the female body by producing compounds for which the ovaries were previously responsible. Of course, menopause still affects the well-being of a woman, but this is not so pronounced.
Based on the cytological analysis, we can correctly conclude how exactly the epithelium necrotic is gradually dead. And the cell aging process itself is controlled by the adrenal glands. The estrogenic type of smear can show a sharp decrease in the concentration of this hormone. And in this situation, in the analysis it will be possible to obtain information about the cells included in the deep layers of the epithelium. At the same time, the cellular epithelial structure undergoes significant changes, the dimensions of the individual components are reduced, the shape changes to the wrong one. As a rule, cells acquire an elongated, bizarre appearance.
Menopause Changes
Age-related changes in the female body are quite characteristic, therefore, it is easy to notice them on the analyzes. This should not be scared - despite the fact that a variety of women have an estrogenic type of smear in menopause, this does not indicate any disease. In some cases, of course, this may reflect pathological processes in the body, but natural causes can provoke the formation of specialized clusters of epithelial cells. In this case, clear boundaries will be observed in single cell formations, but in groups the smoothness of the lines is lost.
During menopause, the epithelium is characterized by cells with enlarged nuclei, which allows a detailed study of both the membrane and chromatin, but the nucleolus is difficult to detect. Often there is an increase in keratin concentration, due to which the elasticity of the structures increases. Protein components are useful, but their overabundance provokes coarsening of organic tissues. All these processes are accompanied by a lack of estrogen due to the insufficiency of its production by internal organs.
Under such conditions, epithelial cells are often unable to fully mature, and therefore, to fulfill the function assigned to them, associated with the protection of the organ. Therefore, nature provides an additional protective mechanism: leukocytes, histiocytes are more actively produced, thereby the smear type of smear is smoothed to some extent, since these cells take on the functions of eliminating infection and damage to organic tissues.
Possible diagnoses
Sometimes the estrogenic type of smear in combination with certain indicators of the concentration of leukocytes can cause the diagnosis of atrophic colpitis. It must be remembered that the usual form of this disease is provoked by pathogenic microflora, which means that the therapeutic course involves taking antibacterial medications.
Atrophic colpitis is a diagnosis that does not require similar therapy. So it is customary to denote the natural biological processes that occur in the female body (it is precisely on them that the estrogenic type of smear indicates). Many mistakenly believe that any colpitis is an inflammation that needs to be fought as early as possible. Atrophic does not belong to this category, so the doctor does not prescribe a treatment similar to the usual form of the disease. If such a diagnosis is made and no specific therapy is prescribed, do not panic: the matter is not in the qualification of a specialist, he is doing the right thing.
Scared or too early?
A professional gynecologist with extensive experience can most clearly tell what an estrogenic type of smear in women is. The term exists among specialists and is applied to some specific changes in the tissues of the reproductive system. It is interesting that not every woman, experiencing menopause, is faced with such processes in the body that in laboratory studies reflect themselves with the corresponding type of smear.
What does it mean - an estrogenic type of smear? The term is applied to the situation when, during the instrumental study of tissue samples, a relatively constant concentration of surface epithelial cells responsible for the protective functions of the body is detected. Despite the menopause, a rather high level of specific sex hormones is still observed in the female body, as laboratory studies show.
Why is this happening?
When doctors tell you what this means (an estrogenic type of smear), they will certainly explain why the female body behaves in this way. Menopause is a period when a woman is faced with a lack of sex hormones due to the inhibition of the ability to produce such compounds by the glands of the reproductive system. If menopause is accompanied by a specific treatment that allows you to keep the hormonal levels normal, then the smear will be estrogenic.
Good or bad (estrogenic type of smear), the doctor will tell the woman who has identified such indicators of the body’s health. In the general case, it is said that the body has the same parameters as in youth. If this is achieved by substitution therapy, then the assessment is considered positive. At the same time, in some cases, such a research result may indicate pathological processes.
A special assessment of the results is required when working with pregnant women - the characteristics of the body in this case are significantly different from patients experiencing menopause.
When there is reason to worry
Sometimes a doctor may conclude that an estrogenic type of smear is bad. As a rule, concerns are caused when a woman is obviously approaching climacteric age, and her body indicators remain at the same level as they were in her youth, while there are no external factors in the form of hormonal therapy and taking drugs that affect the production of active drug compounds.
It is known that elevated estrogen levels can be triggered by malignant processes in the body. If such a reason is suspected, the ovaries and uterus are carefully examined to eliminate the possibility of such a diagnosis or to confirm fears.
Smears are different
“Estrogenic smears” is a general term that applies to several types of test results. Sometimes it is applied to a smear, the results of which reflect estrogen deficiency. In this situation, basal cells will dominate. At the same time, laboratory assistants can see large white blood cells. As a rule, such formations are solitary.
The second type of smear is established if there is a lack of estrogen, but on a moderate scale. Parabasal cells, characterized by enlarged nuclei, have the highest concentration in tissue samples; in addition, single inclusions can be from an intermediate, basal layer. There is a chance of observing single white blood cells.
When estrogen is enough
These are the last two types of estrogenic smear. One of them allows us to understand that there is a slight shortage, but the deviation is very slight from the norm. At the same time, surface epithelium and intermediate are observed in biological samples.
Finally, the fourth type reflects the situation when estrogen is present in sufficient quantities in the female body. Biological tissues are rich in superficial epithelium, which is characterized by rather small nuclei. Cells are predominantly regular in shape.
This is observed either with a lack of progesterone, or with increased activity of estrogen-producing glands. To finally formulate the diagnosis, you will have to take blood for additional tests.