 DNS-,    .       IP-    ,       ,    .     «DoH  »
      
        
        
        
      
    
    DNS-,    .       IP-    ,       ,    .     «DoH  »
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
      DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH),      
RFC 8484.  Mozilla, Google  Cloudflare  DNS-       «--».    « »  HTTPS —  DNS-,        DNS-    .        IP-   .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
           ,      ,            .           .  Firefox  Chrome      DNS-.
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
6  2019  Mozilla    
    DoH (DNS-over-HTTPS)       Firefox.
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
, DoH  DNS-   HTTPS,      -.    HTTP POST  GET      DNS (   DNS-)    HTTP GET   JSON.     - HTTPS,    DoH   ,     .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
 DNS-  DoH.   HTTPS, TLS   .   «  DNS-    »
      
        
        
        
      
    
 DNS-  DoH.   HTTPS, TLS   .   «  DNS-    »
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
 URL        SNI (Server Name Indication) —    TLS.      Firefox        Encrypted SNI (ESNI),         DNS         TLS-.  
    ,     ESNI    .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
Mozilla    DoH  
 2018   ,     ,          (  DoH           DNS).
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
   Mozilla     DoH     ,    .     « »,   DoH      .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
   ,     DoH        ,      .    ,  Mozilla ,     100% .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
   Firefox  DNS- Cloudflare.          DoH .     
about:config
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
        
        
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
        network.trr.mode
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
        
        
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
       5
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
        
        
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    .  
2
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
        
        
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
         (Cloudflare),  
1
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
        
        
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
     —     .      - Firefox Nightly.
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
 
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
DNS-     : 
 → 
  → 
 .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
 
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
  DoH-  
.
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
10  2019  
     Chromium.   DoH     Chrome 78,     22  2019 .    Mozilla,        ,  Google   ,   .      CDN-:  Cleanbrowsing, Cloudflare, DNS.SB, OpenDNS, Quad9  Google.        .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
     Chrome 78   ,   
chrome://flags/#dns-over-https
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
        
        
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
      .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
 DoH   ,   CDN         «--»,          .
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
      
        
        
        
      
    
 PKI-
      
        
        
        
      
    
   PKI-     30.11.2019 .  - AL002HRFR   .     +7 (499) 678 2210, sales-ru@globalsign.com.