Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) affects every second person on earth. Improper diet, junk food, stress - these are the main causes of gastritis, ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (abbreviated GERD) and many other digestive problems. Few people know that on the way to cure any ailment, the main component of complex treatment is a special diet, and the cure of gastrointestinal diseases directly depends on the meal regimen and menu. So what is GERD? How to treat this disease? The diet for GERD, recipes, and an approximately compiled menu are given below.
What is GERD? Causes and symptoms of the disease
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disease of the gastrointestinal tract, in which the contents of the stomach are released into the esophagus through its lower sphincter, causing inflammation. The cause of the appearance is most often a hernia of the esophagus. Symptoms of the disease are pain behind the sternum, sour belching, heartburn. Sometimes there is a feeling of rapid satiety, bloating, shortness of breath, coughing appear, rarely - nausea and vomiting.
GERD treatment: general recommendations
In the treatment of any disease, it is necessary to choose an integrated approach, including:
1. Medications:
- proton pump inhibitors or blockers that reduce stomach acidity (Pantoprazole, Nexium, Omez, Nolpaza);
- antacids ("Rutacid", "Maalox", "Gaviscon", "Rennie", "Almagel");
- gastroprotectors ("De-nol", "Bismofalk", "Venter");
- sedatives.
2. Non-drug treatment:
- normalization of diet;
- diet for GERD;
- folk remedies.
3. Surgical treatment (as a last resort).
Key food recommendations for treating GERD
Key recommendations for the treatment of GERD:
1. It is necessary to diversify the diet and eat 5-6 times a day.
2. Reduce the usual portion by half. Do not get carried away with spices and salt.
3. During exacerbation, exclude baked and fried foods. Eat light foods that do not injure a sick stomach and do not cause accelerated production of gastric juice. Two concepts for GERD should be firmly connected: treatment - diet.
4. Do not eat up at night! The minimum interval between sleep and dinner is 2 hours.
5. Chew food thoroughly!
6. After eating, you can not exercise and do physical work.
7. During the period of remission, try to adhere to the basic rules.
8. In no case do not starve!
9. The diet is selected based on the individual characteristics and preferences of the patient.
GERD Prohibited Products
List of foods that the GERD diet does not include:
1. Drinks:
- alcoholic drinks;
- strong tea, coffee, cocoa;
- carbonated drinks (lemonade, cola, energy);
- mint drinks and mint.
2. Spicy food.
3. Chocolate.
4. Fruits and vegetables that cause heartburn (individually for each).
5. Fatty dairy products:
- milk 2%
- cream;
- fatty yogurts;
- fatty cheeses and cottage cheese.
6. Roasted meat and meat products.
7. Fried foods (potatoes, donuts, eggplant caviar, etc.).
8. Fast food.
Allowed Products
Products that the GERD diet includes:
1. Protein food:
- Soft-boiled eggs - no more than 2 pcs. per day, steam omelet;
- fish: cod, perch, common carp, pike, saffron cod, pike perch;
- low-fat varieties of meat - veal, beef, poultry (without skin), rabbit meat, steamed or in the oven (meatballs, meatballs, casserole, souffle);
- dairy and dairy products: low-fat yogurt, kefir and yogurt after a meal; low fat cottage cheese - with sour cream or casserole; non-acidic sour cream as a dressing; milk - individually.
2. Fats:
- vegetable oils (sunflower, olive, corn) - 10-20 g per day;
- butter - 10-20 g per day.
3. Carbohydrates:
a. Vegetables:
- In its raw form: tomatoes without skin, cucumbers, carrots, a small amount of soft varieties of cabbage, greens.
- In the form of mashed potatoes and casseroles: asparagus, potatoes, green peas, beets, zucchini, pumpkin.
b. Fruits and berries - only soft, sweet varieties and mashed, baked, boiled.
c. Yesterday’s wheat bread.
d. Semi-liquid or grated cereals: semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat, rice.
e. Pasta.
f. Sweets: marmalade, cream, inedible cookies, candy, jelly, jelly.
GERD: diet (sample menu)
A similar menu is compiled by a dietitian or gastroenterologist, so it is not standard for all patients.
Breakfast: pumpkin and potato casserole, steamed omelette, sour cream, herbal tea with honey.
Second breakfast : fat-free cottage cheese with sour cream, fruit compote.
Lunch : noodle soup, steamed meatballs, rice porridge, tea with marmalade.
Snack : toast, broth of wild rose, nuts (3-4 pcs.).
Dinner : stewed fish, vegetable salad, bread, ginger tea with honey.
Second dinner : homemade yogurt with fresh berries.
Pevzner Diet for GERD
Famous therapist Manuel Pevzner developed special therapeutic diets that help in the treatment of a particular disease. Diet number 1 with GERD is the most suitable.
Diet number 1 is conditionally divided into 1a, 1b, 1m.
Diet 1a is prescribed in the first 6-8 days of the onset of the disease or seasonal exacerbation. The diet provides the most gentle chemical, thermal, mechanical effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa, while inflammation is reduced and erosion and ulcers heal. Food is boiled or steamed, frayed and taken in a liquid or mushy state. Hot and cold are contraindicated. You can eat steam omelet, weak tea or herbal decoction, jelly, soups and cereals. Before going to bed, consume milk, eat food every 3 hours.
When symptoms subside, a diet is prescribed for GERD 1b . Together with the above permitted dishes, it includes mashed soups, meat and fish cakes and steamed meatballs, crackers made of white bread.
All dishes and prescriptions for diets 1a and 1b are included in the 1m diet , only dishes can be taken in an unpaste form. Appointed after the fading of all symptoms.
Diet for GERD: recipes
Egg Flakes Broth
From lean meat (poultry, beef, veal), cook the broth. Beat two eggs and pour them into 1 liter of boiling meat broth, mix thoroughly, add salt. You can add diced crackers made of white bread.
Meatballs meat
Grind 1 kg of veal or chicken in a meat grinder. Add 100 g of white bread soaked in milk or water, and 1 egg. Throw in slightly salted water, wait for boiling, reduce heat and cook for 10 minutes.
Zucchini and potato puree
1 zucchini and 3-4 medium-sized potatoes, cut into circles, cook, bring to a puree state using a pusher or a blender, add 10-20 g of butter.
Cauliflower Omelet
In salted water, boil 1 head of cauliflower, disassembled into inflorescences. Lubricate the baking dish with butter, put the cabbage in the mold. Beat 2 eggs, add 100-150 g of milk, beat again and pour over the cabbage. Steam.
Meat Pate
Boil 1 kg of chicken, beef or veal. You can combine. In 20 minutes to the end of cooking, toss boiled carrots into the pan. Cut the meat into pieces, grind in a meat grinder or blender along with carrots. Add butter.
Milk noodle soup
1 cup flour mixed with 1 egg and 1 tbsp. l water. Divide the dough into 4 parts, roll a very thin pancake from each and dry for 10-15 minutes. Roll the dough into a roll and cut into strips. Add the noodles to boiling water and cook for 10-15 minutes on low heat. Boil 3.5 tbsp. milk, pour milk noodles, add 1 tsp. salt, 2 tsp. Sahara. Serve with butter.