Currently, diseases of the digestive tract (gastrointestinal tract) are very widespread. In addition to hereditary conditionality, a huge role in the development of such ailments is played by eating disorders (and not only) - eating high-calorie, fried and fatty foods, irregular nutrition, insufficient sleep, frequent stress and other negative factors. When signs of the disease appear, such as intestinal dysfunction, abdominal pain, nausea, few people go to the doctor immediately. At the same time, a progressive disease is much more difficult to cure than it has recently begun.
To prevent possible serious consequences, you must be careful about your own health. Gastritis, not cured on time, can eventually develop into a stomach ulcer, and colitis - into a malignant disease. The doctor, after the therapy carried out at home or in the hospital, will definitely recommend the patient to follow a diet. Properly selected products will help improve the general condition of the digestive tract, get rid of symptoms, and return to a normal lifestyle.
Acute gastritis
In acute gastritis, which often occurs in children due to overeating, and in adults due to alcohol consumption, spoiled and irritating food, it is necessary to initially clear the intestines.
During the first two days, hunger and plentiful drinking are recommended (a diet for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in children does not provide for this). Then the patient begins to be carefully fed. First, liquid food - slimy strained soup, low-fat broth, rosehip broth, tea with lemon. Then the diet is expanded and cream, milk are added to the tea, then fruit juices, mashed cereals, non-acidic jelly, and jelly can be allowed. You can eat steamed minced meat, white dried bread, vegetable puree, fish dumplings, compotes and so on.
Chronic gastritis
In this case, the diet for gastrointestinal disease in children and adults should be soft, sparing. With its absolute observance, dyspeptic phenomena and pain disappear within two weeks. Then you can switch to a diet that spares the stomach, while stimulating secretory activity. You can include sokogonny food - vegetable and meat Navar, caviar, herring. It is necessary to exclude coarse fiber and connective tissue, since with a decrease in the function of secretion of the stomach, the digestion of tissues of plant and animal origin is disrupted.
When preparing food, make sure that it is thoroughly boiled and chopped, due to which the irritation of the mucous membrane is reduced.
Diet for gastrointestinal disease in adolescents involves the consumption of low-fat fish or meat dishes, mild cheeses, low-fat ham, fruits and vegetables, previously boiled and mashed, greens, crackers, white stale bread, milk, dried biscuits, dairy products, butter, a small amount of spices , egg dishes. From drinks, it is permissible to use coffee, tea, cream, cocoa, koumiss, kefir.
It is necessary to categorically ban various spicy dishes, fresh bread, coarse vegetable fiber, sinewy and fatty meat, butter cakes, hot and butter dough.
Food in this case is prepared without salt.
Peptic ulcer
Such patients should also adhere to a sparing diet for gastrointestinal tract disease. The menu should include thermally, chemically and mechanically processed foods.
The diet should include mashed vegetarian soups with the addition of cream and milk. Meat, fish (low-fat varieties) are allowed to be eaten only in boiled form (in the form of porridge, chicken and meat meatballs, as well as fish dumplings). You can eat mashed cottage cheese, acidophilus, sweet sour cream, kefir, yogurt, butter, cream, milk.
Despite the fact that milk is a full-fledged nutritional product that contains nutrients necessary for life, regeneration and tissue growth, some patients do not tolerate it well. In order to accustom the patient to milk, he is given in small portions at the very beginning of treatment. If a person is not getting used to it, then you need to start giving soups diluted with vegetable milk (walnut or almond) or cream.
Mucous soups stimulate gastric secretion weakly, in addition, the membrane of the stomach is protected from mechanical irritations. Soft-boiled eggs or in the form of steamed omelet are very good for nutrition. They contain protein, do not have a serious strain on the stomach.
The inclusion of butter in the diet makes it possible to increase the calorie content of food, to suppress the secretion of the stomach. It must be remembered that the oil, which is introduced with carbohydrates and proteins, although the acidity of the gastric juice lowers, increases the secretion period.
Fish and meat products, prepared in the form of loose knives, practically do not irritate the secretory apparatus of the stomach. Also, people with an ulcer in the diet can include white dried bread.
It is necessary to exclude sorrel, cabbage, spinach, but you can recommend various fruits, sweet compotes, creams, jelly, jellies.
Therapeutic diets for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
When choosing a diet, doctors prescribe restrictions, taking into account not only the characteristics of the disease, but also the needs of patients.
Pevzner (a well-known nutritionist) has developed fifteen therapeutic diets, which we will consider below. And do not forget that the diet for gastrointestinal ailments should be consistent with the doctor.
Diet number 1
This diet is prescribed for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas, with an ulcer of the duodenum or stomach. The diet provides the human body with energy, correctly selected products relieve the inflammation of the mucosa that has arisen, in addition, accelerate the healing of erosion and ulceration. Food is served exclusively in mashed form (pre-cooked products or boiled).
Diet number 1a
This diet for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with high acidity is a "toughened" version of the previous one. It is prescribed for exacerbation of gastritis, peptic ulcer, high acidity. It is forbidden to eat foods that promote the production of gastric juice.
Diet number 1b
This sparing diet is prescribed for gastrointestinal diseases during remission (with peptic ulcer of the intestine, stomach or gastritis). The diet stimulates recovery by eliminating the foci of inflammation of the mucosa. Salt and carbohydrates are subject to limitation. It is necessary to exclude all irritants that stimulate intestinal motility and gastric acid secretion.
Diet number 2
Such a diet is prescribed for gastrointestinal disease in the elderly (with chronic gastritis with low acidity or chronic enterocolitis). Such nutrition has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the intestines and improves secretory function. This diet for gastrointestinal disease (recipes for suitable dishes are given below) includes products that contain extractive and biologically active substances. Do not grind products.
Diet number 3
Such a diet is prescribed for a disease of the gastrointestinal tract in case of constipation, which is provoked by dyskinesia. In this case, the products should ensure normal digestion, as well as improve intestinal motility. It is necessary to enter food saturated with coarse fiber in the menu.
Diet number 4
This therapeutic diet for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract provides mechanical and chemical protection of the irritated intestines. In this case, smoked products, pickles, natural products and juices containing coarse fiber are excluded. A diet is prescribed in case of dysentery or exacerbation of enterocolitis.
Diet number 4b
Such a diet is prescribed for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. It brings relief in various diseases of the stomach. Changing the diet helps to reduce various inflammatory processes, in addition, it normalizes the functioning of the liver, intestines, and also the pancreas. Restrictions relate to food that causes irritation of the receptors of the intestines, stomach and mucous membrane, in addition, stimulates the processes of fermentation and decay.
Diet number 4v
This is a sparing diet for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It is suitable for convalescents, helping to smoothly switch to a regular table. The foodstuffs familiar to us all begin to gradually enter into it.
Diet number 5
People who are recovering are prescribed this diet for gastrointestinal diseases. Recipes for her are listed below. The diet can also be used for remissions of chronic diseases.
Each diet for gastrointestinal disease (for a week, month, six months) protects the digestive organs from excessive stress. When choosing a diet, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of the doctor.
Oat (pearl) milk soup with egg
Structure:
- oat (pearl barley) groats (40 g);
- water (700 g);
- a spoonful of butter;
- half a spoonful of sugar;
- a glass of milk;
- yolk (half).
Pour cereals with cool water and cook under the lid for 2 hours. Then wipe and boil. Then you need to season with warm milk mixed with yolk, add butter, sugar.
Meat pudding
Structure:
- water (a third of a glass);
- beef tenderloin (120 g);
- egg (half);
- butter (teaspoon).
The boiled meat must be grinded, put into shape. You need to cook for a couple. Pour the resulting pudding with milk sauce with egg or remaining oil.
Fish dumplings
Structure:
- stale white bread (10 g);
- 100 g fish fillet;
- cream (30 g);
- a spoonful of butter.
Bread soaked in cream and grind the fish. Add oil to the resulting mass. Formed knives dipped for 5 minutes in boiling water. Before serving, pour oil on them.
Milk sauce
Structure:
- milk (one and a half glasses);
- a full spoon of flour;
- a spoonful of butter.
Fry flour with butter, gradually pouring milk. Then cook, stirring all the time, 10 minutes. Serve with vegetable or meat dishes.
Vegetable puree
Structure:
- cauliflower (60 g);
- a spoonful of milk;
- half a carrot;
- green beans (30 g);
- 30 g peas;
- a pinch of sugar;
- a spoonful of butter.
Boil cabbage, peas and beans. Stew carrots in milk. All cool, wipe. Add the warm milk that is left, butter and sugar, knead, pour oil. Serve with a boiled egg.
Fruit roll
Structure:
- milk (half a glass);
- rice (50 g);
- a spoonful of butter;
- a pinch of sugar;
- half an egg;
- water (25 g);
- apples (50 g);
- raisins or prunes (20 g).
Grind rice on a coffee grinder. Stir with milk and bring to a boil. Add sugar to the mass, then cool. Beat the egg with butter, mix with rice porridge. Put the mass on wet gauze 1 cm thick. Spread chopped apples and prunes on top, wrap with a roll. Put it in the pan. Steamed dish is being prepared.
Steamed omelet
Structure:
- milk (60 g);
- two eggs;
- a spoonful of butter.
Mix the eggs with milk, then pour into the mold. You need to cook for a couple. Put a small piece of butter on top of the omelet.
Apple Carrot Souffle
Structure:
- apples (75 g);
- half an egg;
- carrots (75 g);
- two tablespoons of milk;
- a pinch of sugar;
- a pinch of semolina;
- a spoonful of butter.
If you have been prescribed a diet for a disease of the gastrointestinal tract, then try this dish. Carrots should be cut into circles and send to stew in milk. Then wipe it through a sieve with apples. Mix with semolina, sugar, beaten egg, melted butter. Put in the form. The dish is steamed. On the resulting souffle on top, you can put a small piece of oil.
Blueberry Rice Soup
Structure:
- dried blueberries (40 g);
- water (3 cups);
- rice (30 g);
- lemon juice (1 tbsp. l.);
- a pinch of sugar.
Rinse blueberries and rice. Boil rice in water and wipe with a decoction. Cook blueberries and set aside for half an hour. Strain the infusion, add sugar, lemon juice and mashed rice to it. Soup served with croutons.
Curd cream
Structure:
- sour cream (35 g);
- milk (spoon);
- cottage cheese (half a pack);
- butter (spoon);
- yolk (half);
- vanillin;
- sugar (3 tsp).
Grind the yolk with sugar, add milk, then boil, stir all the time. Cool, add oil, mashed cottage cheese, sour cream and vanilla. Mix everything, send to the form.
Broth Rice Pudding
Structure:
- low-fat meat broth (glass);
- rice (2 tbsp. l.);
- butter (spoon);
- egg (half).
If you are prescribed a diet for a disease of the gastrointestinal tract, then this dish will be most welcome. Grind rice in a coffee grinder, pour the resulting flour into a hot broth. Steam for 10 minutes. Grate the egg with ½ butter, add to the porridge. Put the mass in the mold. Bring to steam until tender. Put a piece of butter on top of the resulting pudding.
Chicken Zrazy
Structure:
- butter (spoon);
- chicken fillet (120 g);
- boiled egg protein (½ pcs.).
Form 2 mince cakes from minced meat, transfer them to a fine wire rack. Steam.
Meatballs
Structure:
- butter (spoon);
- beef tenderloin (100 g).
Drive the meat through a meat grinder twice. Roll up 4 balls, which then need to be placed on the grill. The dish is steamed. Meatballs served with butter.
Rice sauce
Structure:
- water (half a glass);
- rice (1 tbsp. l.);
- butter (spoon).
Boil the rice, rub twice through a sieve, then boil. Add oil to it and mix. It can be served with meatballs, meatballs, zrazam.
Curd souffle with blueberry gravy
Structure:
- semolina (1 tbsp. l.);
- water (30 g);
- cottage cheese (half a pack);
- starch (5 g);
- butter (spoon);
- sugar (15 g);
- blueberries (25 g);
- half an egg.
Cook porridge from water and cereals. Rub the cottage cheese, mix with the egg, porridge, butter and sugar. Put in a mold. Steam the dish. Make gravy: boil blueberries and let it brew for 20 minutes. Add sugar, starch, diluted in water. Ready soufflé pour over the gravy.
Protein Steam Omelet
Structure:
- water (50 g);
- proteins (from 3 eggs);
- butter (1 tbsp. l.).
Beat the squirrels with water. Pour into a mold greased with oil. Bring to steam until tender.
Blueberry jelly
Structure:
- blueberries (30 g);
- water (glass);
- honey (5 g);
- starch (1 tsp);
- lemon juice (1 tbsp. l.).
Boil blueberries in water for 10 minutes, then let it brew for fifteen minutes. Strain the broth, then add honey to it. Boil, pour in starch, previously diluted in water. Add lemon juice to the dish.
Potato and carrot soup on rice broth
Structure:
- oil (dessert spoon);
- rice (30 g);
- potatoes (2-3 pcs.);
- carrots (1 pc.);
- water (one and a half glasses);
- half the yolk;
- milk (glass).
Cook rice Wipe, mix with boiled mashed potatoes and carrots, as well as boiling milk. Season the resulting mass with yolk, grated with oil.
Meatballs
Structure:
- water (1/2 cup);
- beef tenderloin (150 g);
- egg (quarter);
- butter (spoon).
Grind the meat. Add a spoonful of butter and egg to the minced meat. Knead, shape small balls. Put them on the wire rack, and then steam them. Oil before serving.
Meat zrazy with omelet
Structure:
- stale white bread (slice);
- beef tenderloin (150 g);
- egg (1/2 pcs.);
- milk (15 g);
- butter (spoon).
Beat the egg with milk, pour the mixture into a frying pan, bake. Chop the resulting omelet. Grind meat with bread (soaked and squeezed) using a meat grinder. Blind 2 cakes, while putting in the middle of each omelet. Steam on a wire rack. Before serving, pour over milk sauce or remaining oil.