The cyclical bleeding that occurs in a woman from the moment of puberty until the onset of menopause is called menstruation. The nature and duration of the discharge in each woman is individual. Sooner or later, everyone is faced with such a thing as delay. There can be many reasons for this, and each case requires an individual approach.
At the beginning of the formation of the menstrual cycle, this happens as often as in the periods preceding menopause. Most alarming women are the delay when she is in the active reproductive phase. What is the reason and does the absence of a period on time always indicate the presence of pregnancy? About this in the article below.
Causes of occurrence
An ideal menstrual cycle, like a clock, not every woman can boast. The thing is that it can be influenced by a lot of factors, therefore, there can be several reasons for the delay. The average cycle time is 28 days. The onset of menstrual bleeding earlier than this period does not always lead to worry about your health. The picture is more complicated when the calendar has a 35 day cycle and there are no menstruation. And this is a cause for concern.
The reason may be:
- Unsteady cycle in a teenage girl.
- Inflammatory infections in the pelvic organs.
- Pregnancy.
- Ectopic pregnancy.
- Hormonal disbalance.
- Acceptance or withdrawal of drugs containing hormones.
- Nervous strain.
- Change of a climatic zone.
- A sharp decrease or weight gain.
- Cyst, myoma, neoplasm of the uterus.
Delayed menstruation in a teenage girl
The first menstruation in girls occurs at the age of 11-15 years. In some cases, it can occur a couple of years earlier, it all depends on the degree of maturity of the child. If the first signs of puberty appeared, then the onset of menstruation is not far off. It is quite natural that for some time the menstrual cycle will have a different duration and nature of the discharge.
Doctors say that this process is quite natural and can take several years. Therefore, do not panic when there is no menstruation on the 35th day of the cycle. However, it is still worthwhile to consult a doctor for consultation and diagnosis of a state of health.
Positive pregnancy test
With the onset of puberty and sexual activity, every woman who is not protected can become pregnant. This is another factor that leads to the fact that on the 35th day of the cycle there are no periods. The first thing a woman can do at this point is to do an express pregnancy test. If the average duration of the menstrual cycle is 28 days, and ovulation has occurred exactly in the middle (on the 14th day), then the fertilized egg has already managed to firmly establish itself in the uterine cavity. At this time, the test result can be considered absolutely informative and reliable.
There are several other ways you can confirm pregnancy. For example, donate blood for analysis of hCG (an increase in the level of the hormone indicates the presence of pregnancy), and also undergo an ultrasound examination. With a positive result, we can safely say that if at the moment the cycle is monthly 35 days - this is normal for any pregnant woman. The main thing in this situation is to monitor your health and on the days of the supposed monthly for another three months to avoid overvoltage and physical exertion. The body can menstruate even when the pregnancy is developing normally, which confuses many women. However, doctors claim that this is not a pathology and should not engage in self-medication.
Ectopic pregnancy
If there is no menstruation on the 35th day of the cycle and the woman has established the fact of pregnancy, the next step is to eliminate the risk of developing an ectopic. It can cause a delay in the cycle. Since the body received a signal about the fertilization of the egg and its successful implantation, menstruation does not come. While the embryo is very small, a woman may not suspect that he was attached not in the uterine cavity, but outside it.
For example, in the fallopian tube or abdominal cavity. It is possible to diagnose an ectopic only with the help of ultrasound. A home rapid test can only react to the presence of hCG in the urine and show a positive result. It is impossible to independently determine such a failure. Further therapy is under the close supervision of a gynecologist.
Sexually transmitted infections
Inflammatory processes that affect the pelvic organs are one of the most popular reasons for the delay of menstruation, 35 days the cycle may not be limited. Some women noted a longer period of up to several months. In this case, it is necessary to approach the solution of the problem comprehensively and only together with the doctor after the diagnosis.
First you need to take tests for infections that are sexually transmitted, exclude sexually transmitted diseases. This can be done in the direction of a doctor or in a private laboratory. Symptoms indicating an inflammatory process in the pelvic organs:
- Drawing pains in the lower abdomen, extending to the lumbar region.
- The discharge becomes abundant, with a smell.
- Discomfort during intercourse.
- Itching and burning in the genital area.
The disease can proceed secretly and for some time not manifest itself at all. In particular, gardnerella, which becomes the reason for the development of bacterial vaginosis, provokes a delay in the cycle (35 days or more). The attending physician must choose a course of treatment so that the woman not only recovers the microflora in the vagina, but also normalizes the cycle. Discharge with a sharp smell of fish can also speak of an imbalance, while their consistency becomes creamy, and the color - from milky to light yellow. The reason for this is harmful pathogens and bacteria in the vagina. In the process of treatment, special attention should be paid to strengthening immunity.
Greenish discharge should also be alert, which indicate the development of a purulent process. The doctor may order an analysis for bacterial culture and ultrasound diagnostics. The latter may indicate a focus for the development of the inflammatory process.
Progesterone deficiency
If on the 35th day of the cycle there are no periods, and the test is negative, then most likely there was a malfunction in the hormonal system. It can be not only a reproductive system, but also an endocrine one. They are both responsible for the nature and duration of the menstrual cycle. If a progesterone deficiency has formed in the body, then this is one of the reasons why there is no menstruation on the 35th day of the cycle.
Identify the lack of this hormone using a blood test. At the beginning of the menstrual cycle, it is low, closer to ovulation, its level increases. If pregnancy occurs, then its content in the blood increases. Reduced progesterone may be one of the reasons for abortion. Therapy, as a rule, consists in the need to take drugs containing this hormone in its composition. The duration of treatment takes from 3 to 6 months.
Thyroid and menstruation
Impaired thyroid function is also one of the common causes of menstrual irregularities. It can be said that a menstrual cycle of 35 days is normal when an insufficient production of luteinizing or follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone and estrogen is diagnosed. The ovaries are not able to produce the necessary amount of substances that are responsible for the process of maturation and excretion of the dominant follicle. It happens that a woman’s menstrual cycle is completely anovulatory. This is when ovulation does not occur and the probability of pregnancy is reduced to zero.
The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which are an important link in the process of hematopoiesis. During menstruation, the uterine mucosa is renewed, and endometrium is replaced. When a hormonal imbalance occurs, a woman may note that the nature of the discharge has become more scarce, painful sensations intensify. In order to diagnose the disease, the doctor may prescribe a number of studies:
- A blood test to determine the content of the hormones TSH, T3 and T4.
- Ultrasound of the thyroid gland.
Depending on the results, the doctor selects a treatment regimen. Methods of correction and recovery are strictly individual and self-medication in this case is not worth it.
Delay due to oral contraceptives
Long-term use of birth control drugs can lead to the fact that the calendar is already 35 days of the cycle, and there are no menstruation and the test is negative. In this case, anything can come to mind. But it is better to eliminate suspicion and seek the advice of a doctor. In order for a specialist to have a complete picture of what was the reason for the delay, an ultrasound examination should be done in advance. If pregnancy is not established, then the next step is likely to be taking tests for hormones.
In the absence of pathologies, the most optimal way to correct the cycle is to change the drug. Oral contraceptives are intended not only to protect a woman from an unwanted pregnancy, but also to normalize the duration of menstruation. Therefore, violations in the cycle should alert the woman. It is important to consult a doctor and only then decide whether to continue taking the drug as a contraceptive.
Climate change
During holidays associated with a change in climate or time zone, many women note that even on the 35th day of the cycle there are no periods. Reviews of this kind are quite common. The body is particularly sensitive to a sudden change in environment. For example, when the host country has a very hot climate, high humidity. The duration of the delay can be much longer. The primary concern of a physician is to rule out or confirm a pregnancy. One of the questions during the consultation with the gynecologist is the start date of the last menstruation. If there are no periods on the 35th day of the cycle, a pregnancy test can be done at the time of contacting a specialist. It will also be useful to conduct an ultrasound.
It is worth considering the individual characteristics of the menstrual cycle. It is known that in every woman its duration is due to different factors. So, if it occurs once every 30 days, then a delay of 5 days is not critical. Delays may cause delays of more than 14-30 days. In this case, it is worth consulting with a doctor why the delay in the cycle (35 days or more) is so long. In terms of treatment and correction, hormonal drugs are usually prescribed that stimulate the recovery of the cycle. This may be, for example, "Duphaston" or "Utrozhestan", as well as other drugs prescribed by a specialist. With a positive trend, their intake continues for 2-3 cycles.
Cysts and neoplasms
One of the unpleasant moments is when the cycle of menstruation has increased to 35 days, and the reason for this is the presence of a cyst or neoplasm in the uterine cavity. Diagnosis of tumor development at an early stage is possible provided that the woman visits the gynecologist once every six months. Also, a deviation in the work of the reproductive organs can be detected using cytological analysis. It may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process, which often contributes to the fact that a benign neoplasm develops into cancer.
Cysts can form on the ovaries and in most cases resolve independently (follicular or corpus luteum cyst). In most cases, they do not manifest themselves, do not require additional treatment. However, if the egg has matured, but has not been released from the follicle, a follicular cyst is formed with an accumulation of fluid in it. In medical terminology, this phenomenon is also called a cystic sac, which can reach several centimeters in diameter. A woman can feel soreness in the lower abdomen and notice a delay in the cycle up to a month. The reason for this soy can be:
- Inflammatory processes and sexually transmitted diseases.
- Recently transferred abortion.
- Disruption of the hormonal system, thyroid gland.
- Stress and physical stress.
- Frequent use of emergency contraception methods.
Uneven rejection of the uterine mucosa also leads to a delay in the onset of menstrual bleeding. At the same time, a woman can notice completely natural white discharge, and there is no menstruation on the 35th day of the cycle.
In a blood test, a hormonal malfunction is noted by an increase in the progesterone content, and an ultrasound specialist diagnoses the presence of a corpus luteum cyst. Such a tumor is called luteal. A woman may experience symptoms inherent in the onset of pregnancy: nausea, dizziness, swelling of the breast and change in body weight, bloating, frequent urination. Treatable (functional) tumors can be eliminated with the help of well-chosen treatment. These include hormonal drugs, vitamins and dietary supplements, oral contraceptives.
Some neoplasms in the uterine cavity, such as fibroids, are difficult to diagnose at an early stage. This is due to the fact that it may not manifest itself for a long time. However, if its size begins to increase, then the nature of menstruation changes. In some cases, women report delays of several days. Myoma is not an obstacle to pregnancy. Therefore, in the absence of menstruation, the first thing is to do an express test and only then consult a doctor for advice.