åã®èšäºã§ãå°çšãµãŒããŒã®è² è·ã®ç®¡çã«ã€ããŠæ¢ã«èª¬æããããã«èå³æ·±ããã®ã衚瀺ããããšãçŽæããŸããã å°çšãµãŒããŒãžã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã®å®å šèªåã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãå°å ¥ã§ããããšãå¬ããæããŸãã
å€ãã®ã客æ§ã«ãšã£ãŠããµãŒããŒã«OSãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããã®ã¯é¢åã§ãããŸãé¢çœããªãããã§ãã éåžžããšã³ãžãã¢ã¯ãããè¡ããå¢ãç¶ãããµãŒããŒãšã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã«ãŸããŸãå€ãã®æéãè²»ãããŸããã ãããã£ãŠããã®ããã»ã¹ãå®å šã«èªååããäžæ¹ã§ãã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã«ãšã£ãŠå¯èœãªéãæè»ã§ã·ã³ãã«ã«ããããšã決å®ãããŸããã
ãŸããæè¿ãªãªãŒã¹ãããCentOS 6.4ãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããäŸã«ã€ããŠãèšäºã®åœ¢åŒããããã«å€æ§åããã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ãã£ã¹ãïŒèšäºã®æåŸïŒã®åœ¢ã§ããã»ã¹å šäœã衚瀺ããããšã決å®ãããŸããã
å ã®ãšã³ããªã¯ãããã°ã§å ¬éãããŠããŸãã
ããããOSãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããæãç°¡åãªæ¹æ³
ãµãŒããŒãããã¡ã€ã«ããèªç¶ã«éå§ããŸãããµãŒããŒã®ãªã¹ããéããç®çã®ãµãŒããŒãèŠã€ããŠãã®ãµãŒããŒã«ç§»åããŸãã ããããŸã è¡ã£ãŠããªãå Žåã¯ããµãŒããŒã«IPv4ã¢ãã¬ã¹ãå²ãåœãŠãŠãã ããã
次ã«ããµãŒããŒã®åã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããŒãžã«ç§»åããŠãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã«å¿ èŠãªããŒã¿ãæå®ããŸãã
- ãµãŒããŒã®ãã¹ãåãããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ãcsNNNN圢åŒã®äžæã®ãµãŒããŒçªå·ãç»é²ãããŸãã
- ã客æ§ã®èŠä»¶ãšå人çãªå¥œã¿ã«å¿ããŠOSãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãéžæããŸãã
- OSã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ïŒããããã¹ïŒãç¹å¥ãªèŠä»¶ããªãå Žåã¯x86_64ããå§ãããŸãã
- OSããŒãžã§ã³ã¯ãææ°ãªãªãŒã¹ããå§ãããŸãïŒUbuntuã®å Žåã¯ææ°ã®LTSãªãªãŒã¹ïŒã
ãœãããŠã§ã¢RAIDã®ã¿ã€ãã®éžæã«ã€ããŠã¯ãããã«è©³ããæ€èšãããŸãã å°çšãµãŒããŒã®ã»ãšãã©ã«ã¯2å°ä»¥äžã®ããŒããã©ã€ãããããŸãããããŒããŠã§ã¢RAIDã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒã¯ãããŸããã ãããã£ãŠãããŒã¿ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ãé«ããããã«ãã客æ§ã¯ãœãããŠã§ã¢RAID1ïŒãã©ãŒãªã³ã°ïŒãŸãã¯RAID10ïŒãã©ãŒãªã³ã°ãšã¹ãã©ã€ãã³ã°ã§ããããã®RAIDã«ã¯4å°ä»¥äžã®ãã©ã€ããå¿ èŠã§ãïŒã䜿çšããããšã匷ããå§ãããŸãã åãçç±ã§ãRAID0ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®è¿œå ïŒã¹ãã©ã€ãã³ã°ïŒãæåŠããŸããã䜿çšãããšãHDDã®1ã€ãæ éãããšããµãŒããŒã«ä¿åãããŠãããã¹ãŠã®æ å ±ã倱ãããããã§ãã çŸåšå©çšå¯èœãªåèšïŒ
- RAIDã䜿çšããªãå ŽåããµãŒããŒã§1ã€ã®ãã©ã€ãã®ã¿ã䜿çšããããããŒããŠã§ã¢RAIDã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒã䜿çšããããšããå§ãããŸãã ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã¯æåã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ã§å®è¡ãããæ®ãã¯æªå²ãåœãŠã®ãŸãŸã«ãªããŸãã
- RAID1ã¯æåã®2ã€ã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ã®ã¢ã¬ã€ã«ã¢ã»ã³ãã«ãããæ®ãã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ã¯æªå²ãåœãŠã®ãŸãŸã«ãªããŸãã
- RAID10ã¯æåã®4ã€ã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ã䜿çšããæ®ãã¯æªå²ãåœãŠã®ãŸãŸã«ãªããŸãã
1ãã£ã¹ã¯ã®ãµãŒããŒã§RAID10ãæ§ç¯ããããšããªãã§ãã ãããOSã€ã³ã¹ããŒã©ãŒã¯ãã®ãžã§ãŒã¯ãç解ã§ããªãå¯èœæ§ãé«ãããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã ç¹ã«ä»»æã®æ§æãµãŒããŒãèæ ®ãããšããµãŒããŒã®ãã¹ãŠã®å¯èœãªçµã¿åãããèæ ®ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ãããã£ãŠããã®åé¡ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãæ éã«ãªããŸãã
æåŸã®ããããéåžžã«éèŠãªæ®µéã¯ããã£ã¹ã¯ã¬ã€ã¢ãŠãã®éžæã§ãã å¿ èŠãªããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ïŒ/ bootïŒ1 GBïŒã/ïŒå°ãªããšã5 GBïŒãswapïŒå°ãªããšã4 GBïŒã ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãããã€ã§ãè¿œå ããŠåé€ã§ããŸãã ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ããšã«ãGBåäœã®ãµã€ãºã瀺ãããã¹ããŒã¹ãåããããã«ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®1ã€ã«ããŒã¯ãä»ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ãšããŠãããã©ã«ãã§ext4ã䜿çšããããšããå§ãããŸãããŸããäžéšã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã¯FSã®éžæã«ç¹å®ã®å¶éã課ããŠããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
ãã¹ãŠã®èšå®ãéžæããŠç¢ºèªããåŸããåã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã®éå§ããã¯ãªãã¯ããŠããã€ã¢ãã°ããã¯ã¹ã§ç¢ºèªããŸãã ããã§ããåã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«æã«ãã¹ãŠã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ãããã¹ãŠã®ããŒã¿ãåé€ãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã 4ã€ã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ããããµãŒããŒã§ãRAIDãªããããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ãéžæããå Žåã§ãã4ã€ã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ã¯ãã¹ãŠæ¶å»ãããŸãã ã»ãšãã©ã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã©ãŒã¯ãããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³åå²äžã«ãã£ã¹ã¯äžã®RAID / LVMã¡ã¿ããŒã¿ã®æ®ããèŠã€ãããšãã«å°æããããããããå¿ èŠã§ãã
確èªåŸããã«ããµãŒããŒã¯IPMIãä»ããŠåèµ·åãããããã¯ãŒã¯çµç±ã§é©åãªOSã€ã³ã¹ããŒã©ãŒã®èªã¿èŸŒã¿ãéå§ããŸãã OSã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«äžã¯åã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããŒãžããããã¯ããã代ããã«å¯Ÿå¿ããã¡ãã»ãŒãžã衚瀺ãããŸãã ãµãŒããŒãééããããšãããã£ãå Žåã¯ããåã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã®ãã£ã³ã»ã«ããã¿ã³ãã¯ãªãã¯ããŠããã€ã§ãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãäžæ¢ã§ããŸãã ãã®å ŽåããµãŒããŒã¯ããã«åèµ·åãããããã¯ãŒã¯ããŠã³ããŒãã¯æåã®ããŒããã©ã€ãããã®èµ·åã«åãæ¿ãããŸãã ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããã»ã¹ã¯ãåãããŒãžã«ãããªã³ã¯ã§ããKVMã³ã³ãœãŒã«ãä»ããŠç£èŠã§ããŸãã
ãµãŒããŒã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã«ã¯ããµãŒããŒã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãšOSãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«å¿ããŠ5ã10åããããŸãã ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«æéãççž®ããä¿¡é Œæ§ãé«ããããã«ãmirror.selectel.ruãã©ãŒã䜿çšãããŸãã ãµãŒããŒã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«äžã«ãããšãã°ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãäžæããããªã©ã®ãšã©ãŒãçºçããå Žåãæåã«ãµãŒããŒãåèµ·åããããšãããšãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãåéãããŸãã ããã§ã解決ããªãå Žåã¯ããã±ããã·ã¹ãã ãéããŠãã¯ãã«ã«ãµããŒãã«é£çµ¡ããŠãã ããã
ããã§ããµãŒããŒãèµ·åããããã«æ§æãšæäœãè¡ãæºåãæŽããŸããã
ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯å¯èœãªéãäœãæ§æã§ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããŸãã絶察ã«å¿ èŠãªå Žåãé€ããã·ã¹ãã èšå®ã¯å€æŽãããŸããã ãã¹ãŠã®ã·ã¹ãã ã§ãsshãµãŒããŒã®ã¿ãèªåçã«ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããããªã³ã«ãªããŸãã ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãã¹ã¯ãŒãã¯ãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«åŸã«ãµãŒããŒã®åã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããŒãžã§è¡šç€ºã§ããåã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ã®ãã³ã«æ°ãããã¹ã¯ãŒããçæãããŸãã Ubuntu OSãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããšãrootãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ç¡å¹ã«ãªãããŠãŒã¶ãŒåãuserãã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãäœæãããŸããä»ã®ãã¹ãŠã®ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ãrootãã§ãã ãŸãããµãŒããŒã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«åŸã«èªåã§ãã¹ã¯ãŒããå€æŽããæ°ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒãäœæããŠããã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ssh rootã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãç¡å¹ã«ããããšãåžžã«ãå§ãããŸãã
ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ãã£ã¹ã
ãã¯ãã«ã«FAQ
ãã©ã€ãã¯ã©ã®ããã«ããŒã¯ã¢ãããããŸããïŒ ãã©ã€ãã®ããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³åå²ã§ã¯ãLVMãšmdraidã䜿çšããŸãã
- RAIDãªã
- sda1 /ããŒã1GB;
- LVMçšã®sda2 PVã
- vg0å ã®LVãšããŠã®ä»ã®ãã¹ãŠã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã
- RAID1
- sda1ãsdb1- md0 RAID1 /ããŒã1GB;
- sda2ãsdb2- md1 LVMçšRAID1 PVã
- vg0å ã®ä»ã®ãã¹ãŠã®LVããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ã
- RAID10
- sda1-sdd1- RAID1 /ããŒã1GB;
- sda2-sdd2- LVMçšRAID10 PV;
- ä»ã®ãã¹ãŠã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã¯ãvg0å ã®LVãšããŠã
ãªãLVMãªã®ãïŒ LVMã䜿çšãããšãããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ã®ç·šéæã«æè»æ§ãå¢ããããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ã®ãµã€ãºå€æŽãããŒãžãè¿œå ãåé€ãæ¯èŒçç°¡åã«ãªããŸãã ãŸããLVMã䜿çšãããšãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãã¿ãŒã³ãçµ±äžãããã£ã¹ã¯ãããŒã¯ããéã®åé¡ãåé¿ããããšãã§ããŸããïŒæ¡åŒµããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ãšãã®çªå·ä»ãã䜿çšããå¿ èŠã¯ãããŸããã§ããïŒã
/ bootãåé¢ãããŠãšãŠã倧ããã®ã¯ãªãã§ããïŒ ã»ãšãã©ã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯ãã«ãŒãããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ã«LVMãŸãã¯RAIDã䜿çšããå Žåã/ bootããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ãåå¥ã«ç§»åããããšããå§ãããŸãã 1GBã¯ããã»ã©å€§ãããããŸãã-500GBãã©ã€ãã®çŽ0.2ïŒ ã§ãïŒãµãŒããŒã§äœ¿çšå¯èœãªæå°ã®éSSDãã©ã€ãïŒã åæã«ãããã¯initrdãŸãã¯ããã€ãã®devã«ãŒãã«ãåããæ°åã®éåžžã®ã«ãŒãã«ãæ ŒçŽããã®ã«ååã§ããããã®ãµã€ãºã¯200MBãè¶ ããããšãã§ããŸãã / bootããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ã®ãµã€ãºãå€æŽããã®ã¯éåžžã«é¢åãªã®ã§ã欲匵ãã«ãªããªãããšã«ããŸããã
ãã£ã¹ã¯ã«ç©ºãé åãæ®ãããã®ã§ããããé åãåãããã®ãã§ãã¯ãå€ãããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ããã¯ãã°ã§ããïŒ ããããããã¯ãã°ã§ã¯ãããŸãããã»ãšãã©ã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã©ãŒã¯ãããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ã®1ã€ããã¹ãŠã®ç©ºãé åã«æ¡åŒµããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ãã®åé¡ã®è§£æ±ºçãšããŠããããŒããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³ãäœæãããã¹ããŒã¹ãåããããã§ãã¯ããã¯ã¹ããªã³ã«ããŠãã·ã¹ãã ã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«åŸã«åé€ããããšããå§ãããŸãã
ã©ã®ããã«æ©èœããŸããïŒ ãã¹ãŠã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ããã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«å¿ããŠãpreseedãkickstartããŸãã¯autoyastã䜿çšããŠéåžžã®ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã©ãŒã«ãã£ãŠã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããŸãã çŸåšå©çšå¯èœïŒ
- Debian 6ã7;
- 12.04ãã13.04ã®Ubuntu;
- ãã©ã³ã5. *ããã³6. *ã®CentOSã®çŸåšã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã
- ã©ã€ã»ã³ã¹ãªãã®RedHat Enterprise Linux 6.4ïŒå¥éè³Œå ¥ïŒã
- OpenSUSE 12.3ã