Manuil Isaakovich Pevzner developed many universal dietary tables in the first half of the twentieth century. The principles of therapeutic nutrition formulated by him (for correcting the metabolism of diabetics, relieving symptoms of poisoning, etc.) are relevant at the present time. After reading this article, you will probably agree that the Pevzner diet is a much better way to adjust your diet than many fashion one-day diets.
It is useful to study the list of treatment tables in order to have an idea of the normal calorie content of the diet and how it can be reduced or increased. Diet according to Pevzner can help not only with problems with excess weight, but also with many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, requiring a sparing diet. You may be disappointed by the lack of “magic products” and promises of quick results. But you can be sure of a carefully balanced diet.
Pevzner Diet: Principles and Basic Postulates
In total, Manuil Isaakovich developed 16 diet tables, including hypoallergenic. Seven of them contain various variations. The first postulate: the "amount" of nutrition is determined by calories calculated in kilocalories. With most diseases, accompanied by a decline in strength and the need to restore them, the need for energy should be fully met at the expense of the diet.
If you need to use a hypocaloric menu, you need to calculate the possible restrictions depending on the degree of obesity in the patient. Moreover, in such a way as not to cause psychological discomfort and a constant feeling of hunger, which can distract a person from work and everyday activities.
Don't Follow Fashion Magazines
The narrow-minded opinion about the “harmfulness” of a number of products (ground rice, milk, white bread, etc.) does not take into account that they may be necessary to reduce the traumatic effect of coarse fiber on the gastrointestinal tract. This is appropriate for colitis, pancreatitis and a number of intestinal diseases. Diet according to Pevzner does not divide the products into "harmful" and "healthy".
It is most often aimed at selecting a menu suitable for a particular patient, which, in turn, should satisfy the objective needs of the body for nutrients, regardless of how healthy or ill this person is.
Individual diet selection
Therapeutic diets according to Pevzner are by no means universal. It is simply impossible to recommend a list of products that is absolutely useful to everyone. For example, patients with kidney disease should exclude protein foods. And suffering from pancreatitis - reduce fat intake. But such restrictions should be temporary and take place during periods of exacerbation. In the long run, a protein-free or fat-free menu is not allowed. Pevzner also did not develop low-carb diets similar to those that have been popular in recent years for drastic weight loss. Even a diet with a disease such as diabetes implies the inclusion of bread and cereals (only with a low glycemic index). It should be noted that all dietary tables were compiled as a result of observation of many patients, and recommendations were made on the basis of clinical studies.
Adhering to these diets, remember that amateur activity (under the influence of fashion trends from women's magazines) is often inappropriate when followed. Another thing is an individual approach, taking into account the recommendations of your attending physician or the convenience of adhering to the regimen. In the USA, in the 80s of the twentieth century, the psychological dependence of a person on delicious food was proved. Therefore, after consulting with your doctor, you can add sugar substitutes to your diet or in some way adjust the preparation of very tasteless dishes.
Diet 4 according to Pevzner
Intestinal irritation should be minimized chemically, thermally and mechanically. Pevzner's diet 4 is needed for those who suffer from diarrhea (they often torment patients with chronic colitis and gastroenteritis). It is also indicated for dysentery. About the diet: limit salt (almost completely), proteins, fats and carbohydrates to the lower limit of the physiological norm. Remove from the diet products that stimulate bile secretion, and those that can cause fermentation processes in the intestine. Inappropriate substances that irritate the liver. All dishes need to be steamed or boiled, and then wiped. Light broths and mucous soups, mashed vegetable or low-fat meat patties, crackers (soaked) from wheat flour, low-fat fish, fresh cottage cheese (non-acidic and low-fat), butter are allowed. From desserts, jellies from astringent berries (blueberries, cherries) are allowed. From drinking - a broth of wild rose. Calorie content - about 2 thousand kilocalories.
Treatment table for normalizing liver and pancreas functions
Diet 5 according to Pevzner (the menu takes into account the increased vulnerability of the digestive system) was developed taking into account the need to unload cholesterol metabolism in diseases of the liver, colitis, pancreatitis and cholecystitis. For example, for breakfast - dry biscuit or cookies with kefir (low-fat), protein omelet with stewed vegetables. For lunch - mashed soup and stew with sauerkraut. For an afternoon snack - inedible pastries with cottage cheese and weak tea or baked apples. For dinner - boiled fish and oatmeal jelly.