Scientists have proved that sucrose is part of all plants, in large quantities it is found in such foods as sugar beets and cane. In the diet of any person, the role of sucrose is quite large.
Sucrose is a disaccharide (included in the class of oligosaccharides), which under the action of the sucrose enzyme or under the action of an acid hydrolyzes to glucose (all the main polysaccharides consist of it) and fructose (fruit sugar), more precisely, the sucrose molecule consists of residues of D-fructose and D- glucose. The main product available to all that serves as a source of sucrose is regular sugar.
In chemistry, the sucrose molecule is written as follows: C 12 H 22 O 11 and is an isomer.
Sucrose hydrolysis
12 22 11 + 2 O → 6 12 6 + 6 12 6
Sucrose is the most important of disaccharides. As can be seen from the equation, the hydrolysis of sucrose leads to the formation of elements such as glucose and fructose. They have the same molecular formulas, but the structural ones are completely different:
CH 2 (OH) - (CHOH) 4 -CHOH - glucose.
O
II
CH 2 - CH - CH - CH - C - CH 2 - fructose
IIIII
OH OH OH OH OH
Physical properties of sucrose
- Sucrose is a colorless crystal, sweet in taste, which dissolves well in water.
- 160 ° C is the temperature characteristic of sucrose melting.
- Caramel is an amorphous crystalline mass that forms when molten sucrose solidifies.
Chemical properties of sucrose
- Sucrose is not an aldehyde.
- Sucrose is the most important disaccharide.
- When heated with an ammonia solution, Ag 2 O does not produce a so-called “silver mirror”, just as when heated with Cu (OH) 2 it does not form red copper oxide.
- If you boil a solution of sucrose with 2-3 drops of sulfuric or hydrochloric acid, and then neutralize it with any alkali, and then heat the resulting solution with Cu (OH) 2, then a red precipitate will precipitate.
Sucrose Composition
The sucrose molecule, as you know, consists of residues of fructose and glucose, which are closely interconnected. Among the isomers that have the molecular formula C 12 H 22 O 11, the following are distinguished: maltose (malt sugar) and, of course, lactose (milk sugar).
Foods That Are Rich In Sucrose
- Rafinated sugar.
Bee honey.- Marmalade.
- Gingerbread cookies.
- Dates.
- The straw is sweet.
- Apple marshmallow.
- Prunes
- Raisins (raisins).
- Persimmon.
- Dried figs.
- Grapes
- Grenades.
- Medlar.
- Irga.
The effect of sucrose on the human body
Sucrose provides the human body with the energy necessary for its full functioning. It also improves the brain activity of a person and stimulates the protective functions of his liver from exposure to toxic substances. Supports the livelihood of striated muscles and nerve cells. That is why sucrose is one of the most important substances contained in almost all human consumption products.
With a lack of sucrose in humans, the following conditions are observed: depression, irritability, apathy, lack of energy, lack of strength. This condition can constantly worsen if the sucrose content in the body is not normalized in time. Excess sucrose leads to the following: caries, excessive fullness, periodontal disease, inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity, candidiasis and genital itching are possible, and there is a risk of developing diabetes.
The need for sucrose increases in cases when the human brain is overloaded as a result of vigorous activity, and (or) when the human body is exposed to severe toxic effects. The need for sucrose decreases dramatically if a person has diabetes or is overweight.
The effect of fructose and glucose on the human body
As it turned out earlier, as a result of the sucrose-water interaction, elements such as fructose and glucose are formed. Consider the main characteristics of these substances and how these elements affect the life of a person.
Fructose - a type of sugar molecule found in fresh fruits - gives them sweetness. As a result of this, many believe that fructose is the most useful, because is a natural component. Fructose also minimizes glucose levels (since it has a low glycemic index).
Fructose itself is very sweet, however, the fruits known to humans contain a relatively small amount. As a result of this, a small amount of sugar enters our body, which is processed very quickly. However, do not introduce a large amount of fructose into the body, because excessive use of it can lead to consequences such as obesity, cirrhosis (scarring of the liver), gout and heart disease (uric acid levels increase), obesity of the liver and, of course, premature skin aging, resulting in wrinkles.
As a result of research, scientists came to the conclusion that fructose, unlike glucose, accumulates signs of aging much faster. What can we say about substitutes for fructose.
Based on the material previously proposed, it can be concluded that eating a reasonable amount of fruit is good for human health, since they contain a minimal amount of fructose. But concentrated fructose should be avoided, as it can lead to a real illness.
Glucose - just like fructose, is a type of sugar, and is a form of carbohydrates - the most common form. Glucose is obtained from starches, it quickly raises the blood sugar level and supplies energy to our body for a sufficiently long period of time.
If you constantly eat foods that are highly processed, or simple starches, which include white rice or white flour, this will lead to a significant increase in blood sugar. And the result of this will be certain problems, such as a decrease in the level of the body's defenses, which, as a result, leads to poor wound healing, renal failure, nerve damage, increased blood lipids, the risk of nerve disease (peripheral section), obesity, as well as the occurrence of a heart attack and (or) stroke.
Artificial Sweeteners - Harm or Benefit
Many people who are afraid to consume glucose or fructose, turn to artificial sweeteners - aspart or sucrapose. However, they also have their drawbacks. Due to the fact that these substances are artificial chemical neurotoxic substances, substitutes can cause headaches, and there is also a high risk of developing cancer. Therefore, this option, like the previous ones, is not 100%.
The whole world around us affects the human body, and none of us can protect ourselves from all diseases. However, based on some knowledge, we can control the processes of the occurrence of certain ailments. Also with the use of sucrose: do not neglect it, in the same way as you constantly consume it. You should find a "middle" middle ground and adhere to the best options. Options in which your body will feel great and will thank you so much! Therefore, choose which type of sugar you should use and burn energy all day.