8幎åãç§ã¯éçã³ã³ãã³ãã®é åžãå éããããšã«ã€ããŠã®èšäºãæžããŸãããããã¯ããã€ãã®habrachitelamiã«èšŽããé·ãéé¢é£æ§ãä¿ã¡ãŸããã
ãã®ããããã§ã«æ©èœããŠãããã®ãè¿ éã«å éãããšåæã«ãæçµçã«äœãèµ·ãã£ãã®ãçµéšãå ±æããããšã«ããŸããã ãã¡ããã HTTP / 2ãäžèŠãªã¬ãŒãã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸãã8x1TbSATA SSDã®ä»£ããã«7.6Tb NVMe SSDãè³Œå ¥ããçç±ãšãä»ã®å€ãã®é«åºŠãªå°éæ å ±ã
ã³ã³ãã³ãã®ä¿åãšé ä¿¡ã¯2ã€ã®ç°ãªãã¿ã¹ã¯ã§ãããé ä¿¡ïŒé«åºŠãªãã£ãã·ã¥ïŒã«ã€ããŠã®ã¿èª¬æããããšã«ããã«åæããŸãããã
éããå§ããŸããã...
NVMe SSD
æ¢ã«ç解ããããã«ããã£ãã·ã¥ã®ä¿åã«ã¯ææ°ã®7.68 TB SSD HGST Ultrastar SN260 {HUSMR7676BHP3Y1} NVMeãHH-HL AICã䜿çšããŸãã ãããã¹ãã¯ãããŒã±ãã£ã³ã°è³æã»ã©çŸãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããããéåžžã«æ¥œèŠ³çã§ã
[root@4 www]# hdparm -Tt --direct /dev/nvme1n1 /dev/nvme1n1: Timing O_DIRECT cached reads: 2688 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1345.24 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 4672 MB in 3.00 seconds = 1557.00 MB/sec [root@4 www]# hdparm -Tt /dev/nvme1n1 /dev/nvme1n1: Timing cached reads: 18850 MB in 1.99 seconds = 9452.39 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 4156 MB in 3.00 seconds = 1385.08 MB/sec
ãã¡ããããèªåçšãã«ãµã€ãºãšã¡ãŒã«ãŒãéžæããSATAã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹ãæ€èšããããšãã§ããŸãããç§ãã¡ã¯äœã®ããã«åªåãã¹ããã«ã€ããŠæžããŠããŸã:)
ããã§ãNVMeãéžæããå Žåãããžæ å ±ãååŸããã«ã¯ãnvme-cliããã±ãŒãžãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããäž»å補åãã®ç¹æ§ã確èªããŠãã ãã
[root@4 www]# nvme smart-log /dev/nvme1n1 Smart Log for NVME device:nvme1n1 namespace-id:ffffffff critical_warning : 0 temperature : 35 C available_spare : 100% available_spare_threshold : 10% percentage_used : 0% data_units_read : 158 231 244 data_units_written : 297 968 host_read_commands : 45 809 892 host_write_commands : 990 836 controller_busy_time : 337 power_cycles : 18 power_on_hours : 127 unsafe_shutdowns : 14 media_errors : 0 num_err_log_entries : 10 Warning Temperature Time : 0 Critical Composite Temperature Time : 0 Temperature Sensor 1 : 35 C Temperature Sensor 2 : 27 C Temperature Sensor 3 : 33 C Temperature Sensor 4 : 35 C
ã芧ã®ããã«ãããã®æ觊ã¯çŽ æŽããããè² è·ãããã£ãç¶æ ã§ã枩床ç¯å²ã¯åãç¯å²ã«ç¶æããããšèšãããŠããŸãã
ããŒã¯æã«ã¯ã 1ç§ãããçŽ4000 /åç ïŒåçãµã€ãºã¯çŽ10ã100KïŒãæäŸããŸãããã®è² è·ã®ååã§iostatã0.1ïŒ ãè¶ ããŠäžæããããšã¯ãããŸãããRAMãéèŠã§ãã
å®äŸ¡ãªSATA SSDã®ä»£ããã«ãä»ã§ã¯é«äŸ¡ãªNVMeã«è³ããŠããçç±ã«ã€ããŠããã€ãã®èšèã ããšãã°ãåæ§ã®ãµãŒããŒã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ãRAMãããã³åãè² è·ã§ãUltrastar SN260 7.68TB NVMeã¯ãAreca ARC-1882 RAIDãåããã¹ããªããRAIDã®8xSamsung SSD 850 PRO 1TBã®10åå°ãªãiowaitã§åäœããããšã瀺ããã¹ããå®æœããŸãããã³ã³ãããŒã©PCIã ãµãŒããŒã§ã¯ãNVMe 26ã®ã³ã¢æ°ãšãARC-1882 24ã³ã¢ã®ã³ã¢æ°ãRAM 128Gã®æ°ã«å€å°ã®éãããããŸãã æ®å¿µãªããããããã®ãµãŒããŒã®æ¶è²»é»åãæ¯èŒããæ¹æ³ã¯ãããŸããã 8xINTEL SSDSC2BB480G4 480Gã®Stripped RAIDãœãããŠã§ã¢ãš24åã®AMD OpteronïŒtmïŒããã»ããµãŒ6174ã³ã¢äžã®ARC-1680 RAIDã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒPCIãæèŒããAMDããã»ããµãŒçšã®åæ§ã®ã·ã¹ãã ã§NVMeãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã®æ¶è²»é»åã枬å®ããæ©äŒããããŸããã AMDã®274ã¯ããã«å¯ŸããŠã113ã¯ããã®2.5åã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã ãŸããCPUãšiowaitã®è² è·ã1æ¡äœããªã£ãŠããŸãïŒAMDã«ã¯ããŒããŠã§ã¢æå·åã¯ãããŸããïŒ
ãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã
8幎åã btrfsã䜿çšããŠXFSãè©ŠããŸããããext4ã¯å€§ããªäžŠåè² è·ã§ãã掻çºã«åäœãããããext4ãéžæããŸãã é©åãªext4ãã¥ãŒãã³ã°ã¯ããã®fsã®ãã§ã«åªããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãããã«åŒ·åã§ããŸãã
æé©åã¯ãã©ãŒãããã®ç¬éããå§ãŸããŸããããšãã°ãäž»ã«1ã5Kã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãé åžããå Žåããã©ãŒããããããšãã«ãããã¯ãµã€ãºããããã«æžããããšãã§ããŸãã
mkfs.ext4 -b 2048 /dev/sda1
ãŸãã¯
mkfs.ext4 -b 1024 /dev/sda1
ãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®çŸåšã®ãããã¯ãµã€ãºã調ã¹ãã«ã¯ã次ã䜿çšããŸãã
tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 | grep Block
ãŸãã¯
[root@4 www]# fdisk -l /dev/nvme1n1 /dev/nvme1n1: 7681,5 , 7681501126656 Ñ, 1875366486 Ñ Ñ = Ñ 1 * 4096 = 4096 Ñ Ñ (Ñ/Ñ): 4096 Ñ / 4096 Ñ Ñ - (ÑÑ/): 4096 Ñ / 4096 Ñ Ñ : dos ÐÑ : 0x00000000
NVMe SSDã®ã»ã¯ã¿ãŒã®ãµã€ãºã¯4kã§ããããããããã¯ãµã€ãºããã®å€ããå°ããããããšã¯æé©ã§ã¯ãªãããããã©ãŒãããããŸãã
mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme1n1
ãã£ã¹ã¯ãããŒãã£ã·ã§ã³åå²ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããããã¯ããã€ã¹å šäœã§ãã©ãŒãããããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã OSã«ã€ããŠã¯ãå¥ã®SSDã䜿çšããŠããŸãããæ éããããŸãã / dev / nvme1n1ãšããŠãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã«ããŠã³ãã§ããŸã
æ倧é床ãåŒãåºããããªæ¹æ³ã§ãã£ã¹ã¯ãã£ãã·ã¥ãããŠã³ãããããšãæãŸããã§ããããã«ãããäžèŠãªãã¹ãŠããªãã«ãããªãã·ã§ã³ãnoatimeãbarrier = 0ãã§ããŠã³ãããŸããatimeå±æ§ãéèŠãªå Žåã¯ãã«ãŒãã«4 以éã«lazytimeãªãã·ã§ã³ããããŸãã RAMã«atimeå€ãä¿æããèªã¿åãæã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹æéã®é »ç¹ãªæŽæ°ã®åé¡ãéšåçã«è§£æ±ºããŸãã
RAM
éçããŒã¿ãRAMã«é 眮ãããŠããå Žåã¯ãäžèšã®ãã¹ãŠãå¿ããŠãRAMãããã¡ã€ã«ãé åžããŠãã ããã
RAMããé åžããå ŽåãOSèªäœãé »ç¹ã«èŠæ±ããããã¡ã€ã«ããã£ãã·ã¥ã«æç»ããããããã®ããã«äœãèšå®ããå¿ èŠã¯ãããŸãããããã¡ã€ã«ãä¿åãããŠããããã€ã¹ãé ããå€ãã®ãã¡ã€ã«ïŒæ°åäžïŒãããå ŽåãOSãåæã«å€ããèŠæ±ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ãšã¹ãã¬ãŒãžããã€ã¹ã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãåæã«ãã¹ããŒããŠã³ããå§ããŸãã ãã®åé¡ã次ã®ããã«è§£æ±ºããŠãéçããŒã¿ãRAMãã£ã¹ã¯ã«ããŒãããããããé åžããããšãã§ããŸãã
RAMãã£ã¹ã¯ã®äœæäŸïŒ
mount -t tmpfs -o size=1G,mode=0700,noatime tmpfs /cache
ããŠã³ããããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒãå¿ããå Žåã¯ãfindmntã§ç¢ºèªã§ããŸãã
findmnt --target /cache
åèµ·åããã«åããŠã³ãã§ããŸãïŒ
mount -o remount,size=4G,noatime /cache
RAMã®äžéšïŒé »ç¹ã«èŠæ±ããããã¬ãã¥ãŒïŒãšSSDã®æ®ããçµåããããšãã§ããŸãã
nginxã§ã¯ã次ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
location / { root /var/cache/ram; try_files $uri @cache1; } location @cache1 { root /var/cache/ssd; try_files $uri @storage; }
ã³ã³ãã³ããRAMã«åãŸããªãå Žåã¯ãã«ãŒãã«ãä¿¡é Œããå¿ èŠããããŸããã¢ã¯ãã£ããã£ãã·ã¥3ã5Gã®ãµã€ãºã®128G RAMãæèŒãã256Gã«å¢ããããšãèããŠããŸãã
CPU
ããã»ããµã®åšæ³¢æ°ã«ç¹å¥ãªèŠä»¶ã¯ãããŸããããæ©èœã®èŠä»¶ããããŸãïŒãã©ãã£ãã¯ãæå·åããå¿ èŠãããå ŽåïŒããšãã°ãhttpsãä»ããŠïŒãããŒããŠã§ã¢ããŒã¹ã®AES-NIïŒIntel Advanced Encryption StandardïŒæå·åããµããŒãããããã»ããµãéžæããããšãéèŠã§ãã
Linuxã§ã¯ãã³ãã³ãã®AES-NIåœä»€ããã»ããµã®ãµããŒãã確èªã§ããŸã
grep -m1 -o aes /proc/cpuinfo aes
ãaesãåºåããªãå Žåãããã»ããµã¯ãã®ãããªåœä»€ããµããŒãããŠããããæå·åã¯ããã»ããµã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã浪費ããŸãã
nginxãæ§æãã
äžè¬çãªã¢ã€ãã¢ã¯åã®èšäºã§èª¬æãããŠããŸãã ãæé©åã«ã¯ããã€ãã®ãã€ã³ãããããŸãããä»ãããããã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸãã
- ãµãŒããŒãã£ã¬ã¯ãã£ãã®ãããã¬ãã«ã§ã®æžãæãã¯é¿ãããã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã®æ£èŠè¡šçŸã¯æè¿ããŸããã äœããã®æ¹æ³ã§ããããªãå Žåãå°ãªããšã次ã®ããã«ãéåžžã®å Žæã§éåžžã®ã·ãŒãºã³ãã©ããããããã«ããŠãã ããïŒ
location /example/dir { rewrite ^/example/dir(.*) /newexample/$1; }
ãããè¡ãããªãå Žåãæ£èŠè¡šçŸã¯é åžã·ã¹ãã ãžã®åãªã¯ãšã¹ãã«é©çšããããã®äŸã§ã¯ãåçãžã®ãã¹ã/ example / dirã§å§ãŸãå Žåã«ã®ã¿ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãæ£èŠè¡šçŸãè©Šè¡ãããŸã
- ã³ã³ãã³ãããã£ãã·ã¥ã«ä¿åããå Žåã1ã€ã®ãã©ã«ããŒïŒãããã¯ãµã€ãºã4Kã®ããã©ã«ãèšå®ã§ãã£ã¹ã¯ããã©ãŒãããããå ŽåïŒã2Kã®å Žåã¯128ãªã©ã«255åãè¶
ãããã¡ã€ã«ãŸãã¯ãã©ã«ããŒãä¿åããªããšããã«ãŒã«ã«åŸã£ãŠãã ããã
- ã§ããã°4.1以äžã®æ°ããã³ã¢ãé 眮ããŸãã nginxã§ã¯ã SO_REUSEPORTãµããŒããæå¹ã«ããããšãå¿ããªãã§ãã ãããã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ãã£ãã¯ãé ä¿¡ãµãŒããŒããã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã®äžŠåããŠã³ããŒãã«ãã©ã¹ã®å¹æããããããŸãã
- ãµãŒããŒããŠãŒã¶ãŒã®è¿ãã«é 眮ããã®ã§ããŠãŒã¶ãŒããã幞ãã«ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ãããèªèããæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ã«æè¬ããŸã
CDNã¯ã©ãã§ãã
CDNã¯ãããŸããŸãªåœã§åããŠããŠãã³ã³ãã³ããå€ããã©ãã£ãã¯ãå°ãªãå Žåã«é©ããŠããŸããããã©ãã£ãã¯ãå€ããã³ã³ãã³ããã»ãšãã©ãªããç¹å®ã®åœã§åããŠããå Žåããã¹ãŠãèšç®ããŠãããªãã«ãšã£ãŠããæçãªãã®ãç解ããããšã¯çã«ããªã£ãŠããŸãã ããšãã°ãç§ãã¡ã¯ãŠã¯ã©ã€ãåžå Žã«åãçµãã§ããŸããCDNãµãŒãã¹ãæäŸããäžçã®ãªãŒããŒã®å€ãã¯ãŠã¯ã©ã€ãã«ãµãŒããŒãæã£ãŠããããæµéã¯ãã€ããŸãã¯ããŒã©ã³ãããã§ãã ãã®ããã+ 3-5ms-+ 30-50msã®ä»£ããã«ãéè²ã®åçãåŸãããŸãã é©åãªãŠã¯ã©ã€ãDCã«2UãµãŒããŒãé 眮ãããšããã£ãã«ããã18ãã« +æ¯æãã§éå§ãããŸããããšãã°ã100Mbps-10ãã«åèš28ãã«ã§ãã ãŠã¯ã©ã€ãã§CDNãã©ãã£ãã¯ãé ä¿¡ããããã®åçšäŸ¡æ Œã¯çŽ0.05ãã«/ Gã§ãã æ¯æ560Gãè¶ ããéãé åžããå Žåã¯ããã§ã«èªå·±é åžã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãæ€èšã§ããŸãã RIA.comãµãŒãã¹ã¯1æ¥ã«æ°ãã©ãã€ãã®éçããŒã¿ãé ä¿¡ããŸãããã®ãããç§ãã¡ã¯é·ãéãèªå·±é ä¿¡ã«é¢ãã決å®ãäžããŠããŸããã
æ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ã§åéãäœãæ¹æ³
å€ãã®æ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ã«ãšã£ãŠéèŠãªç¹åŸŽã¯ãTTFBïŒæåã®ãã€ããŸã§ã®æéïŒãšãã³ã³ãã³ããæ¢ããŠãã人ã«ã©ãã ãè¿ãããããã«ãã³ã³ãã³ããžã®ãªã³ã¯ã®ããã¹ããExifã¿ã°ã®èª¬æãäžææ§ãã³ã³ãã³ãã®ãµã€ãºãªã©ã§ãã .dã
ãããã®ãã¹ãŠã¯ãäž»ã«TTFBãæ¡åŒµãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«ããè¿ã¥ããããã«ãããã«æžããŠããŸãã ããªãã¯ã«è¡ããUser-Agentã䜿çšããŠæ€çŽ¢ããããæ€åºããå¥ã®ãµãŒããŒããã³ã³ãã³ããæäŸããŠãæ··éããŸãã¯ãããŒã¯æã®ã¹ããŒããŠã³ãããªããããšãã§ããŸãïŒéåžžããããã¯åäžãªè² è·ãäžããŸãïŒã ã Google ChromeãšYandex Browserã¯ããã©ãŠã¶ãã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã®äœçœ®ããããŒãžãèªã¿èŸŒãé床ã«ã€ããŠæäŸããæ å ±ãä¿¡é ŒããŠããçããããã»ãããããè¡ããŸããã
ãŸããç°ãªããããããã®è² è·ãéåžžã«å€§ãããªãå¯èœæ§ãããããããããã®ãããã®ãµãŒãã¹ã«ãªãœãŒã¹ã®ã»ãŒååãè²»ãããªããã°ãªããªãããšã«ã泚æããŠãã ããã RIA.comãããžã§ã¯ãã¯ããããããã®çŽ1åäžãã1å5çŸäžã®ãªã¯ãšã¹ããåŠçããŸãïŒããã«ã¯ãéçãªåŒã³åºãã ãã§ãªããéåžžã®ããŒãžãžã®åŒã³åºããå«ãŸããŸãïŒã
éçã³ã³ãã³ãé ä¿¡ã®æé©å
ããŠãé ä¿¡ããã»ã¹ãæ¢ã«èšå®ãããŠããå Žå-ã³ã³ãã³ãèªäœã§äœãã§ããããèããæãæ¥ãã®ã§ãããã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãããããèªã¿èŸŒã¿ãéããã¹ããŒã¹ãå°ãªããŠæžã¿ãæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ã«ãšã£ãŠé åçã§ããã
- æåã«æ³šæããå¿
èŠãããã®ã¯åç圢åŒã§ããå€ãã®ãããžã§ã¯ãã§éåžžã«äººæ°ã®ããjpegã¯ãWebäžã®æ°ãã圢åŒãããšãã°Googleã2010幎ããæšé²ããŠããWebP圢åŒã«å¹æµããå質ã§æ¢ã«ãµã€ãºãå£ã£ãŠããŸãã ããŸããŸãªæ
å ±æºã«ãããšãåçã®å質ã§20ã30ïŒ
ãµã€ãºãå°ãããªã£ãŠããŸãã ã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã§ç¹å¥ãªã¿ã°ã䜿çšããããšãã§ããŸããããã«ããããã©ãŠã¶ã衚瀺ã§ããããã€ãã®åœ¢åŒãèšè¿°ã§ããŸãããã©ãŠã¶ãWebP圢åŒããµããŒãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãããšãã°jpegãèªã¿èŸŒãŸããŸã
ãŸããSEOèŠä»¶ã«ã€ããŠãå°ã説æããŸãã
- é åžãµãŒããŒãã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã®è¿ãã«é 眮ãããã®ãªã¿ãŒã³ãå éããããšã§ãSEOæé©åã®äžéšãæ¢ã«äœæããŸããã
- exifã¿ã°ã«é¢ããããã€ãã®èšèããããã®å€ãã¯åçãæ¡å€§çž®å°ãããšãã«åãåãããŸã-ç¡é§ã§ãïŒ ãŸããGoogleã¯ãã®æ å ±ãåæããŸããImageDescriptionexifã¿ã°ãŸãã¯èäœæš©exifã¿ã°ã®åçã«è¡šç€ºãããŠãããã®ãåçã«ç€ºãã®ã¯ãªãã§ããããã¡ãããããªãã®ãã®ã§ãªãéãïŒ
- ã³ã³ãã³ããã¡ã€ã«ã«é¢ããããŸããŸãªã¡ã¿æ å ±ã瀺ãHTTPããããŒãå¿ããªãã§ãã ããã ããšãã°ãExpiresããããŒã䜿çšããŠããã©ãŠã¶ãŒãã£ãã·ã¥ã«ã³ã³ãã³ããä¿åããæéãæå®ã§ããŸãã
ãµã€ããHTTP / 2ã§å®è¡ãããŠããå Žåã次ã®æé©åãè©Šãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
- 1ã€ã®æ¥ç¶ã§å°ããªãã¡ã€ã«ã®è»¢éãå€éåãããšããã®æé©åã䜿çšããŠhttp / 1.1ãä»ããŠéåžžéæãããã²ã€ã³ãè£åã§ãããããcss-spritesã®äœ¿çšãæåŠã§ããŸã
- web-pushãã¯ãããžãŒãè©ŠããŠãã ãããããŠã³ããŒããæé©åãããã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã ããã·ã¥ããããã©ãŠã¶ãŒãã£ãã·ã¥å
ã®ã³ã³ãã³ãã®ååšã¯èæ
®ãããŸããããäŸã«ç€ºãããã«ãCookieãšåçŽãªnginxæ§æã䜿çšããŠè§£æ±ºããŸã
server { listen 443 ssl http2 default_server; ssl_certificate ssl/certificate.pem; ssl_certificate_key ssl/key.pem; root /var/www/html; http2_push_preload on; location = /demo.html { add_header Set-Cookie "session=1"; add_header Link $resources; } } map $http_cookie $resources { "~*session=1" ""; default "</style.css>; as=style; rel=preload, </image1.jpg>; as=image; rel=preload, </image2.jpg>; as=style; rel=preload"; }
- ç§ãã¡ã®çµéšããããããžã§ã¯ãã®ã¡ã€ã³ãã¡ã€ã³ãšã¯ç°ãªããã¡ã€ã³åã§ã³ã³ãã³ããé åžããæ¹ãé©åã§ãã
ç¥ç§çãªHTTP / 2
ãåãã®ããã«ãHTTP / 2ã¯ãè€æ°ã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãéä¿¡ãããåäžã®æ¥ç¶ãå€éåããŸããäžæ¹ããã¡ã€ã«ã®éä¿¡ãããããŒã®å§çž®ãããã³æ°ãããããã³ã«ã®ãã®ä»ã®å©ç¹ãåªå ããŸãããã»ãšãã©æžããŠããªãæ¬ ç¹ããããŸãã ç§ã¯é ãããè¡ããŸãããããããuTorrentã®æ代以åã«ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããèŠããŠããè¡å人ã®å¹Žäžã®äººããããããããŸãããå€ãã®äººã¯ãç¹å¥ãªãããã³ã°ããŒã¹ãã©ãã·ã¥ã²ãããããŠã³ããŒããã¹ã¿ãŒãªã©ã䜿çšããªããã°ãªããŸããã§ããã 6ã€ãŸãã¯8ã€ã®ã¹ã¬ããã§1ã€ã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãããŠã³ããŒãããéä¿¡ãµãŒããŒãžã®6ã8ã®æ¥ç¶ãéããŸããã ãªãããããã®ã§ããïŒ çµå±ãé ä¿¡ãµãŒããŒãšåä¿¡ãµãŒããŒã®ãããã£ãã«ã¯ããããã®éã®æ¥ç¶æ°ã«äŸåããã¹ãã§ã¯ãããŸããããå®éã«ã¯ããã£ãã«ãæªãããã±ããæ倱ãšãã±ããäŒéãšã©ãŒãããå Žåããã®äŸåé¢ä¿ãååšããŸãã ãã®ãããªç¶æ³ã§ã¯ãããã€ãã®ã¹ã¬ããã§ããéãã¹ã€ã³ã°ããããšãããããŸãã ããã«ããã£ãã«ãè€æ°ã®ã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã§äœ¿çšãããŠããå Žåã1ã€ã®ã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãããã®æ¥ç¶æ°ãå¢ãããšããã£ãã«ã®åž¯åå¹ ãå¢ãããŠããªãœãŒã¹ã®ãã©ã³ã±ããããããèªäœã«ãã©ãã°ã§ããŸãã ãã¡ãããããã¯åžžã«çºçããããã§ã¯ãããŸããããhttp / 1.1ãããã³ã«ã䜿çšããŠåäœãããã©ãŠã¶ã®åœ¢ã§ãã€ããã競åä»ç€ŸãååŸãããšããè åšããããŸãã ç§ã®ç·Žç¿ã§ã¯ãhttp / 2ãæåŠããããã¹ã¯ãããå£çŽã®åçãã¹ãã£ã³ã°ããªã©ã®ãµã€ãã§ã±ãŒã¹ããããŸãããhttp/ 2ãããã³ã«ã®ãµã€ããèããé ããªãããµãŒããŒèªäœã«ç®ã«èŠããè² è·ããªããç·ã¯httpsã®ãŸãŸã§ããããåãæ¿ããŸããhttp / 1.1ã§ç¶æ³ã¯è§£æ±ºãããŸããã
ãŸããç°ãªããã¡ã€ã³ïŒãã ãå®éã«ã¯1ã€ã®ãµãŒããŒïŒããã³ã³ãã³ããåä¿¡ããå®éšãè¡ããŸãããã®ææ³ã¯ãã¡ã€ã³ã·ã£ãŒãã£ã³ã°ãšåŒã°ããŸããhttp/ 2ããããããããã©ãŠã¶ãŒã«ãµã€ã管çè ãå¿ èŠãªæ°ã®æ¥ç¶ãèšå®ããããšãªããç¶æ³ããæãåºãæ¹æ³ãå¯èœã§ã
çµè«ã®ä»£ããã«
ãµã€ãã®é床ãäœäžãå§ããç¬éãäžå¿«ãšåŒã¶ããšã¯ã§ããŸããããã©ãã£ãã¯ãå¢ããŠãããšæããŠããããã顧客ãå¢ããŠããããã§ãã ç§ãã¡ã¯ããã¬ãŒãããåé¿ããã¿ã¹ã¯ãèšå®ããããšã¯ãããŸãã;ãã®æé·ã«è¿ éã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããšãåŠã³ãŸããã ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã®æé©åã¯ç¡éã®ããã»ã¹ã§ããé«éã§ãããšããç¹ã§ç«¶åä»ç€Ÿãšç«¶äºããåã³ãåŠå®ããªãã§ãã ããã