ç§ãã¡ã¯ãã§ã«ãå€ãã®è¿ä»£çãªæè¡ãåœããåã®ããšãšèããŠããŸãããããããã©ã®ããã«æ©èœããã®ãããã®èåŸã«ãããã®ããããã®éçºã®æŽå²ã¯ãŸã£ããèããŠããŸããã ããã¯ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã«ãåœãŠã¯ãŸããŸãã ç§ã¯ãã§ã«ããã®æ¥çã®é²åãæ確ã«ç€ºãããŒã¿ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžãã¯ãããžãŒã®éçºã®æŽå²ã«ã€ããŠæžããŸãã ã ä»åã¯ãLSIã§ã¢ã¯ãã£ãã«äœ¿çšãããŠããæè¡ã®1ã€ããœãªããã¹ããŒãããŸãã¯SSDïŒãœãªããã¹ããŒããã©ã€ãïŒã¡ã¢ãªã«ã€ããŠè©³ãã説æããããšã«ããŸããã
ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®BIOSã³ãŒããæ ŒçŽãããã€ã¯ããµãŒãããïŒå€ããã€ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã¯ããã®ãã€ã¯ããµãŒãããã®å
容ãæ¶å»ããããšã§ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒãã¯ã©ãã·ã¥ãããWin.CIHãŠã€ã«ã¹ãèŠããŠããŸãïŒããå§ãŸããLSI Nytroãªã©ã®ãã£ãã·ã¥ãåããææ°ã®ãã€ããªããRAIDã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒã§çµãããŸãèšã£ãïŒã ããŸããŸãªå€éšãã©ã€ãã¯èšããŸã§ããããŸãããããããªãã§ã¯ãããããçŸä»£ã®æè¡ã®é²æ©ã¯äžå¯èœã ã£ãã ããïŒãœããŒMavica MVC-FD5ïŒããã³ä»ã®å€ãã®ã¢ãã«ïŒã®æ代é¯èª€ããžã¿ã«ã«ã¡ã©ã¯ã3.5ã€ã³ããããããŒãã£ã¹ã¯ã«ç»åãä¿åããŠããããã«èŠããŸãã
ãã©ãã·ã¥ã¡ã¢ãªã®æŽå²ã¯20äžçŽåã°ã«å§ãŸããåœæãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®ããã·ã¥ã¢ã«ãã³ãŒãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®åŒŸéç§åŠè
ã§ãããããžã¿ã«ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã®ãã€ãªãã¢ã§ãã£ããŠã§ã³ãã£ã³ãã§ãŠã¯ãã¢ãã©ã¹Eãã±ããã·ã¹ãã ã®æèŒã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®åº§æšã®ã¡ã¢ãªãããã¯ãæ¹åããäœæ¥ã«åãçµã¿ãŸãã/ F. ã¢ãã©ã¹ã¯æŠç¥çããµã€ã«è»ã®ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®é¡äŒŒç©ã䜿çšããŠããããã圌ãæ°å¹Žééçºãããœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ç§å¯ã§ããããåŸã«æè¡ã¯æ©å¯è§£é€ãããPROMïŒããã°ã©ã å¯èœãªèªã¿åãå°çšã¡ã¢ãªïŒãšåŒã°ããæè¡ãåºã䜿çšãããŸããã
ãã®æè¡ã¯æ¬è³ªçã«éåžžã«åçŽã§ãããã®ãããªã¡ã¢ãªã¯ã座æšã°ãªããã圢æãã2ã€ã®å°äœã¢ã¬ã€ã®äº€å·®ç¹ã§ãã ãã®ã°ãªããã®ããŒãã§ãå°äœã¯ç¹å¥ãªãžã£ã³ããŒã§éããããŸãã äžãããã座æšã«ãã£ãŠã»ã«ã®å€ã決å®ããå¿
èŠãããå Žåãå¿
èŠãªå°äœã®äº€å·®ç¹ãé»æµãééãããã©ããã確èªããã ãã§ååã§ãã é»æµãååšãããšããããšã¯ããžã£ã³ããŒãç¡å·ã§ãããå€1ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããå察ã®ç¶æ³-0ããšã³ã³ãŒãããããšãæå³ããŸããããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®ã»ã«ã®å€ã¯1ã§ããããŒããé«é»å§ãå°å ããããžã£ã³ããŒãèžçºããŸããã ãããã£ãŠãã¯ã³ã¿ã€ã èšé²ããããåŸãããã å®éããžã£ã³ããŒãæ¶å»ããæ¹åã§ã®ã¿ãè¶
å°ååè·¯ããäžæžããããããšãã§ããŸããã ãŸããäžå®å
šãªæè¡ã«ããããžã£ã³ããŒãå埩ããå€ãæªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã åæ¹åã®ããŒã¿å€æŽã«å¯ŸåŠããããã«ããã§ãã¯ãµã ã䜿çšãããŸããã ããã«ããã®ã¿ã€ãã®ãããã®çæã«ã¯ãéåžžã«å°ããªå®¹éãå«ãŸããŠããŸããã
ããããEPROMïŒãã·ã¢èªã®ç¥èªèš³ïŒã«ã¯ãããŒã¿ãžã®é«éã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãšé»ç£ãã«ã¹ãžã®èæ§ãšããå©ç¹ããããŸãããããã¯ãæ žççºãçããããšã§ã¯ãªãå Žæã«ãšã£ãŠè²Žéã§ãã
æ°žç¶çãªããŒã¿ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžã®æè¡ã«ããã次ã®ã¹ãããã¯ãIntelã®è
žå
ã§è¡ãããŸããã Dov Frohman-Bentchkowskyã¯ããã©ã³ãžã¹ã¿ã²ãŒããç Žå£ããããã€ã¯ãåè·¯ã®æ¬ é¥ã調ã¹ãŠãæ°ããã¿ã€ãã®EPROMã¡ã¢ãªãçºæããŸããã ãã®ãããªã¡ã¢ãªã®åã»ã«ã¯ã2ã€ã®ã²ãŒããåããé»çå¹æãã©ã³ãžã¹ã¿ã§ãã1ã€ç®ã®ã³ã³ãããŒã«ã2ã€ç®ã®ãããŒãã£ã³ã°ã¯ãåè·¯ã®ä»ã®èŠçŽ ãšã¯æ¥ç¶ãããŠããŸããã 絶çžã®åœ¹å²ã¯ãé
žåã±ã€çŽ ã®å±€ã§ãã
ããŒã¿ãä¿åããã«ã¯ãå¿
èŠãªã»ã«ãéžæããŠããé«ãé»å§ãå°å ããå¿
èŠããããŸããããã«ãããé»åã絶çžå±€ãééããããé«ããšãã«ã®ãŒã®ããã«ã²ãŒãã«èç©ããŸãïŒãã®ãã³ãã«å¹æã¯Fowler-NordheimãšåŒã°ããŸãïŒã å¶åŸ¡é»å§ãé€å»ããããšãé»åã¯ã·ã£ãã¿ãŒã«ãããã¯ããããæ
å ±ãé·æéä¿åããŸãã ãã®å Žåã®äž»ãªåé¡ã¯ãæ
å ±ãé»æ°çã«æ¶å»ã§ããªãããšã§ãã ããããæ¶å»ããããã«ã圌ãã¯ç³è±ã¬ã©ã¹è£œã®ç¹å¥ãªçªãéããŠè¶
å°ååè·¯ãç
§ãã匷åãªçŽ«å€ç·ã©ã³ãã䜿çšããŸãã 玫å€ç·ã¯ã絶çžé
žåç©å±€ã§ã€ãªã³åãåŒãèµ·ãããé»è·ãæŒããããŒã¿ãæ¶å»ãããŸãã
ãã®ãããªãããã¯ãå€ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®BIOSããããšããŠäœ¿çšãããŠããŸããã éåžžãæ¶å»ãŠã£ã³ããŠã¯ãæ¥å
ã®åœ±é¿äžã§ããããèªç¶ã«æ¶å»ãããªãããã«ãã¡ãŒã«ãŒã®ããŽã貌ãããã¹ããã«ãŒã§å¯å°ãããŠããŸããã ããšãã°ããã®ãããªè¶
å°ååè·¯ã¯ZX Spectrumã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒïŒãã·ã¢èªçSearchãMagicïŒã§äœ¿çšãããŠããŸããã ãããã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã¯ãå€ãã®çŸä»£ã®ãšã³ãžãã¢ãå°é家ã«ãšã£ãŠãITãžã®æ
ãå§ããæåã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã«ãªã£ããã®ã§ãïŒããŒãã«ã»ããããæŸåºãããå¥åŠãªã¢ãã ãµãŠã³ããèŠããŠããŸãïŒã
1978幎ãã€ã³ãã«ã®ãšã³ãžãã¢ã§ãããžã§ãŒãžãã«ã¬ãŽã¹ã¯ãEPROMãšåæ§ã®ãã¯ãããžãŒãåããã€ã³ãã«2816ããããçºè¡šããŸãããã絶çžå±€ãèãããã玫å€ç·ãªãã§ãããã®å
容ãæ¶å»ã§ããŸãã ããã¯ãEEPROMãŸãã¯é»æ°çã«æ¶å»å¯èœãªããã°ã©ããã«èªã¿åãå°çšã¡ã¢ãªïŒEEPROMïŒãã¯ãããžãŒã®å§ãŸãã§ããã ãã®æè¡ã§äœãããè¶
å°ååè·¯ã®äž»ãªæ¬ ç¹ã¯ãæžã蟌ã¿ãµã€ã¯ã«ã®æ°ãéãããŠããããšã§ãïŒææ°ã®ãããã«ãããã®éã¯æ°çŸäžã«ãªããŸãããïŒããã³ããŒã¿ã®èªçºçãªæ¶å»ïŒçŸåšã®å·¥æ¥çšè¶
å°ååè·¯ã§ã¯ãããŒã¿ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžã¯å°ãªããšã3幎éä¿èšŒãããŠããŸãïŒã
æ¶å»ã®ããã«EEPROMãã€ã¯ãåè·¯å
ã®ååã«èãèªé»äœå±€ã«é«é»å§é»çãäœæããå¿
èŠããã£ããããããã«ãããé«åºŠãªã¬ã€ã¢ãŠãã§æžãæãå¯èœãªã¡ã¢ãªãã€ã¯ãåè·¯ãäœæã§ããŸããã§ããã ããã«ããã次ã®2ã€ã®ã¯ã©ã¹ã®ããã€ã¹ãéçºãããŸãããæ¶å»ã®å¯èœæ§ã®ãªã倧容éã®è¿œèšåãã€ã¯ãåè·¯ãšãäœå®¹éã®æžãæãå¯èœãªãã€ã¯ãåè·¯ã§ãã ãã®åé¡ã¯æ±èã®ãšã³ãžãã¢ã§ããå¢å²¡äžäºå€«ã«ãã£ãŠè§£æ±ºããããã®çºèŠã®ååã¯åœŒã®ååã§ããææ³æ£æ²»ã«ãã£ãŠäžããããŸããã圌ã®æ¶å»ããã»ã¹ã¯ãã©ãã·ã¥ã«äŒŒãŠããŸãã 圌ãããããã®ãã©ãã·ã¥ã¡ã¢ãªè¶
å°ååè·¯ãšåŒã¶ãã®ãæšæž¬ããããšã¯é£ãããããŸããã æ¬çºæã¯1984幎ã«å
¬éããã1988幎ã«Intelã¯NORãã©ãã·ã¥ã®åçã«åºã¥ããåçšã¡ã¢ãªããããçºè¡šãã1989幎ã«æ±èã¯NANDã¡ã¢ãªãçºè¡šããŸããã
ãã©ãã·ã¥ã§ã¯ãã¡ã¢ãªãšã¬ã¡ã³ããšããŠããããŒãã£ã³ã°ã²ãŒããåãããã¹ãŠåãé»çå¹æãã©ã³ãžã¹ã¿ã䜿çšãããŸãããæ¶å»ãšèšé²ã«ã¯ãé»å§ã®å¢å ã䜿çšãããŸãã ãã©ãã·ã¥ãã€ã¯ãåè·¯ã®äž»ãªéãã¯ãèªã¿åããæžã蟌ã¿ãããã³æ¶å»ã倧ããªãããã¯ã§å®è¡ãããæžã蟌ã¿ãããã¯ã®ãµã€ãºãèªã¿åããããã¯ããå°ãããªããæ¶å»ãããã¯ãåžžã«æžã蟌ã¿ãããã¯ããã倧ããããšã§ãã ããã«ã¯ãã¡ã¢ãªã»ã«ãéå±€æ§é ïŒéåžžã¯ãããã¯-ã»ã¯ã¿ãŒ-ããŒãžïŒã«çµåããå¿
èŠããããŸãã
1ã€ã®ã»ã«ã1ãããã®æ
å ±ãä¿åãããã€ã¯ããããã¯ãã·ã³ã°ã«ã¬ãã«ã»ã«ãŸãã¯SLCãšåŒã°ãã4ã€ã®å
é»ã¬ãã«ãä¿åããæ©èœã«ããåã»ã«ã2ãããã®æ
å ±ãä¿åãããããã®ä»£æ¿ã¯ããã«ãã¬ãã«ã»ã«ãŸãã¯MLCãšåŒã°ããããã«ãªããŸããã ãããã£ãŠãMLCãããã¯SLCãããå®äŸ¡ã§ãããé床ãé
ãä¿¡é Œæ§ãäœããªããŸãã æè¿ãeMLCïŒEnterprise class MLCïŒã®ç¥èªãèŠãããšãã§ããŸãã éåžžãããã¯ãMLCãšæ¯èŒããŠèªã¿åã/æžã蟌ã¿ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãåäžãã寿åœãé·ãããã€ã¹ã®æå®ã§ãã äŸ¡æ Œç¹æ§ãåæãããšãææ°ã®eMLCã¯çŽ2åå®ããSLCããŒã¹ã®ããã€ã¹ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠé床ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ããããã«å£ã£ãŠããŸãã
NORãšNANDã®äž»ãªéãã¯ããããã®ã¬ã€ã¢ãŠãã§ãã NORã¯è¡ãšåã®å€å
žçãªãããªãã¯ã¹ã䜿çšããŸãããã®äº€ç¹ã«ã¯ã»ã«ããããNANDã¯3次å
é
åã§ãã ãã®å Žåãã¬ã€ã¢ãŠãé åã倧å¹
ã«å¢ããããšãã§ããŸãããã»ã«ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããã®ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãè€éã«ããããšã§ããæ¯æããå¿
èŠããããŸãã ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹é床ãç°ãªããŸããããšãã°ãNORã®å Žåãèªã¿åãé床ã¯æ°åããç§ãNANDã®å Žåã¯æ°åãã€ã¯ãç§ã§ãã
NORã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®äž»ãªåéã¯ãå°å®¹éã®ãã€ã¯ãåè·¯ã§ãããä¿¡é Œæ§ã«å¯ŸããèŠä»¶ãå¢å ããŠããŸãïŒã¹ãã¬ãŒãžïŒã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒããŒãããããã·ã³ã°ã«ãããã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒã®å
èµã¡ã¢ãªãªã©ã NANDã¯ãæ倧ãµã€ãºã®åŸæ¥ã®ããŒã¿ãŠã§ã¢ããŠã¹ã§ãïŒã¡ã¢ãªã«ãŒããSSDãã©ã€ããªã©ã NANDã䜿çšããå ŽåãéåžžãããŒã¿ã®åé·æ§ãšãã§ãã¯ãµã ã䜿çšããŠé害ããä¿è·ããŸãã ãŸããè¶
å°ååè·¯ã«ã¯éåžžãäºåããŠããããè£
åãããŠããããã§ã«ãæ¶èãããŠãããã®ã®ä»£ããã«äœåããŸãã
NANDãããäžã®ããŒã¿ã®ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžãå¶åŸ¡ãããµãŒãã¹ãããã䜿çšããªããšãææ°ã®ãã©ãã·ã¥ãã©ã€ãã¯å®çŸã§ããŸããã ãããã®ãããã¯ãFSPïŒãã©ãã·ã¥ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžããã»ããµïŒãŸãã¯ãã©ãã·ã¥ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžãå¶åŸ¡ããããã»ããµãšåŒã°ããŸãã SandForceïŒçŸåšã¯LSIã®äžéšéïŒã¯ããã®ã¯ã©ã¹ã®ãããã®çç£ã«ããããªãŒããŒã§ãã èå³æ·±ãããšã«ããã®ãããªããã»ããµã®åŠçèœåã¯éåžžã«é«ãã§ãã çŸä»£ã®äžä»£ã«ã¯2ã€ã®ã³ã¢ããããéåžžã¯RAID 50/60ãšåŒã°ãããã®ãšåæ§ã®ããŒã¿ãïŒãã§ãã¯ãµã ã®èšç®ã§ïŒä¿è·ããããžã¿ã«ãã¬ããŒãžããåéããããã»ã¹ã管çããã¡ã¢ãªã»ã«ã®åäžãªæ©èãç£èŠãããµãŒãã¹æ©èœã ãã®ãããªã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ããªNANDã¡ã¢ãªç®¡çã®å°å
¥ã«ãããææ°ã®ããã€ã¹ã¯äºæž¬å¯èœãªå¯¿åœãšããã°ã©ã å¯èœãªä¿¡é Œæ§ãåããŠããŸãã çµ±èšã䜿çšãããšãç¹å®ã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒãæã€SSDãéåžžã«ç°¡åã«äœæã§ããŸãã ãã®ãããªãµãŒãã¹çšãã€ã¯ããµãŒãããã®éçºãµã€ã¯ã«ã¯é·ããçŸåšã§ã¯ãã©ãã·ã¥ã¡ã¢ãªã®ãã€ã¯ããµãŒãããã§åäœããããããéçºãããŠããã2ã3幎åŸã«ãã補é ãããŸããã
ãšããã§ãèšé²ã®éçã«éãããšãSSDããã€ã¹ã¯ããŒã¿æ倱ã§æ»ã¬ãšããããªãäžè¬çãªèª€è§£ããŸã èŠã€ããããšãã§ããŸãã ããã§ã¯ãããŸããã æžãæãã®ç¹å®ã®å¶éã«éãããšãæåã«ãµãŒããŒç®¡çè
ã¯ããã€ã¹ã®å¯¿åœãéè¿ã«è¿«ã£ãŠããããšãèŠåãããã¯ãªãã£ã«ã«ãããå€ã«éãããšãããã€ã¹ãžã®èšé²ãåæ¢ããããã€ã¹ã¯èªã¿åãå°çšã¢ãŒãã«åãæ¿ãããŸãã ææ°ã®ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒã¯ãã¹ãŠãã®SSDæ©èœã§åäœãããããSSDãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ã¿ã¹ã¯ã®ã¯ã©ã¹çšã«èšèšãããããã€ã¹ã®ã¿ã賌å
¥ããå¿
èŠããããŸãã ããããµãŒããŒã®å Žåãã©ããããããŸãã¯ãã¹ã¯ãããã§ããã°ã24x7ã¢ãŒãã§åäœããããã«èšèšãããå·¥æ¥çšã°ã¬ãŒãã®SSDã賌å
¥ããå¿
èŠããããå®äŸ¡ãªããã€ã¹ã§ãåäœããŸãã
ãã®ãããä»æ¥ã®SSDãŸãã¯ãã©ãã·ã¥ããã€ã¹ã¯ãSDãUSBãã©ãã·ã¥ãSATAïŒSASïŒSSD圢åŒã§ãHDDãšåã2.5ã€ã³ãããã³3.5ã€ã³ãã®ãã©ãŒã ãã¡ã¯ã¿ãŒã§æäŸãããŠããŸãã ãµãŒããŒã®äžçã§ã¯ãPCIe-SSDãå¢ããå¢ããŠããŸããããã¯ãSSDãPCIã¹ãããã«çŽæ¥å·®ã蟌ãããŒãã«ããŠã³ããã圢åŒã§ãã
Nytroã¯ãŒããã©ã€ã
ãã£ãã·ã¥ãšãã£ã¹ã¯ã¬ã¹ããŒãã®ããã«ãSSDã¯RAIDã³ã³ãããŒã©ã«ãŒãã«ããŠã³ããããŸãã
Nytro MegaRAID
å€éšã¹ãã¬ãŒãžã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãæ°å¹ŽåããHDDã§ã¯ãªãSSDãªãã·ã§ã³ãæäŸããŠããŸãã ããã«ããã€ãªãªã³ãã©ã ãµã³ãªã©ã®ç¹å¥ãªå€éšãã©ãã·ã¥ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžã·ã¹ãã ããããŸãã
ãã©ãã·ã¥ã¡ã¢ãªã®æŽå²ã«ã€ããŠç°¡åã«èª¬æããŸãã ããªãŒããŒããŒããã«ã¯ããã©ãã·ã¥ã¡ã¢ãªã®ç¹æ§ãèæ
®ããŠéçºãããææ°ã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ããå§ãŸããå€ãã®èå³æ·±ãããšãçŽæããå°æ¥ã®éçºã«è³ããŸã§ãå€ãã®èå³æ·±ã質åããããŸããã ãã®ã¹ããŒãªãŒãæ°ã«å
¥ã£ãŠããã ããããšãé¡ã£ãŠããŸããä»åŸããã®ãããã¯ã«æ»ããŸãã
å人çãªçµéšãLSIã®å
éšãªãœãŒã¹ïŒSandForceïŒãHow Staff Worksã®ãªãœãŒã¹ãWikipediaãMITã³ãŒã¹ã«åºã¥ããŸãã