The concept of a diet for women is usually associated with losing extra pounds, which they seek to get rid of closer to the summer. However, its usefulness is not only to give its figure an external appeal. In fact, this is primarily a therapeutic event. Diet therapy is the basis on which to restore human health in diseases of most internal organs and systems. The stomach, kidneys, liver, even autoimmune diseases are treated with proper nutrition. Based on the state of the body and the disease, the doctor needs to adjust it every time. For convenience, experts have developed diet tables.
Features
Diet therapy is a prerequisite for recovery. Not for nothing in the sanatoriums pay special attention to this. It must be agreed with a specialist. Sometimes diet is the main method. In another case, it can act as an auxiliary tool. And to be more precise, properly selected food creates the conditions for treatment to be effective. According to individual indications, in addition to the main diet, fasting days are practiced: dairy, curd, watermelon, apple.
The Importance of Health Nutrition
Diet therapy is not a measure for losing weight. Nutrition does not imply a restriction on fats, proteins and carbohydrates. It is necessary for the normalization of metabolic processes, the restoration of all body functions.
But you need to remember that diet therapy is primarily a therapeutic diet. It should be built taking into account the localization of the disease, the nature of the process, fatness and lifestyle. It is necessary to take into account both concomitant diseases and complications. With body weight below normal and progressive weight loss, diet therapy involves enhanced nutrition. But you should not resort to it in case of violation of the activity of the stomach, liver and intestines.
The founder of domestic therapy
The first to pay attention to the importance of nutrition in the treatment of certain diseases M.I. Pevzner. He studied the effects of foods on the body and made the right conclusions. And today, experts in the field of dietetics confirm that nutrition in a certain way affects the whole body and individual organs and systems.
That is, what we eat may be a medicine or poison. By changing the content in the food system of certain products, you can affect the course of the disease, accelerate recovery and improve the patient's condition. These principles formed the basis of this direction.
Modern trends
It should be noted that the principles of diet therapy remain the same for all times. But the views of doctors are changing. Previously, diet therapy was practiced, in which the main emphasis was on excess nutrition. Such a measure led to an overload of the digestive organs. And this is an increase in the risk of allergic reactions. The only justified method is the inclusion of a large amount of protein. Without exacerbation, the diet is more like a normal healthy diet. The table is no frills, but without excess fat. Based on the foregoing, the importance of diet therapy is very difficult to overestimate.
But the use of large amounts of fat is not recommended. In this case, the body will direct forces to its processing or storage in reserve. And now they are needed for another. An exception may be the need to add butter to the diet, which is especially important for tuberculosis.
The need for individual selection
The effectiveness of diet therapy will depend on how well it is chosen. Therefore, only the most experienced and competent specialists work in the sanatorium. Diet is needed for various diseases. Moreover, the effectiveness of treatment depends on how the patient eats during recovery. Usually the attending physician gives his recommendations, which the patient should follow. The more severe the disease, the more complete the diet should be.
It is especially important to follow the rules of dietary nutrition in the pathology of the digestive tract and metabolism. Very often it is the diet that gives positive results when other methods of treatment are ineffective. If we are talking about chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, then reasonable restrictions will have to be observed throughout life.
Key factors
Features of diet therapy will depend on a number of points:
- The correct selection of products, taking into account the composition.
- Quantitative and qualitative calculations are very important. That is, the content of BZHU, vitamins and minerals.
- How the dish will be prepared is a fundamental factor.
- Caloric value of food is taken into account without fail.
That is, the diet should be complete. A competent nutritionist takes into account the following points:
- A strict diet cannot be long. This is usually an emergency measure, which is necessary only during the acute phase. After this, the diet is expanded, since a strict restriction creates a deficiency of nutrients.
- The therapeutic diet is gradually expanding.
Correction of the diet is important at different stages of the disease. At the earliest, this helps relieve intoxication and pain, create the prerequisites for recovery. At later stages, it provides the body with the forces necessary for recovery.
Table number 1
It is used in the treatment of ulcers and gastritis. Widely used in case of peptic ulcer. Great help will be table number 1 for chronic gastritis or for acute gastritis, when the acute phase comes to an end. The acute phase is not the time for experimentation. Sometimes for several days a person is transferred to water or a lean broth.
For the patient, the physiological content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the diet is recommended. The content of sodium chloride is limited. Energy value - 2800 kcal. Protein should be at least 100 g.
Allowed and Prohibited Products
Diet therapy for gastritis is the key to successful treatment. At first glance, it seems sad to eat only cooked, stewed and mashed foods. But so you give the stomach a chance to rest and do self-healing.
- If desired, milk can be added to tea. Yesterday's white bread. You can and should eat low-fat dairy products, mashed cottage cheese, yogurt, butter in small quantities. Each day no more than two eggs are allowed. As a main dish, you can prepare vegetable or milk soup puree. It is very useful to eat vegetables: potatoes, zucchini, young cabbage and pumpkin. They need to be crushed in mashed potatoes. Sweet, ripe fruits and berries can be eaten baked, put in jelly and stewed fruit. Any cereals, lean meat - all this should be on the table every day. For dessert you can pastille or marshmallows.
- Strong broths and decoctions are forbidden. It is necessary to refuse mushrooms, fatty meat. For the period of exacerbation, pickles and smoked meats, marinades and canned foods should be removed from the diet. This list includes pastries and soda. From vegetables, you need to exclude white cabbage and onions. The therapeutic diet 1 is prescribed in the acute phase of the disease and serves as a prerequisite for recovery.
Table number 2
Used for gastritis and colitis. This is a physiologically complete, extractive extract-rich diet. Clinical nutrition for diseases of the digestive system excludes foods that linger in the stomach for a long time, are difficult to digest, and irritate the mucous membrane and receptor apparatus. Diet has a stimulating effect on the secretory apparatus of the stomach. Dishes can be boiled, baked, stewed or fried without flour.
Table number 4
It is prescribed for acute and chronic intestinal diseases during an exacerbation with severe diarrhea. In this case, the first task is to remove the load from the intestines, that is, the amount of fat consumed is minimized. In parallel, it is recommended to reduce the amount of carbohydrates. But the body needs protein every day. And salt will have to be completely abandoned, while products that are mechanical and chemical irritants of the mucosa are simultaneously excluded. All dishes that lead to increased fermentation and rotting in the intestines are prohibited. During attacks of diarrhea, and so a person feels pain and seething in the abdomen.
That is, various canned foods, fatty meat are banned. Pickles and smoked products, pastry - all this must be removed until better times. Any diet implies restrictions, but how serious they will be depends on the disease and its severity. Therefore, the faster you start therapy, the better its results will be.
Table number 5
It is used for hepatitis and other liver diseases. Therapeutic diet 5 involves the use of a normal amount of protein, fat and carbohydrates. It is recommended to consume more vegetables and fruits, less fatty and sweet.
- Allowed fruit and berry juices, compotes and jelly, tea, dried bread of all varieties. Powdered and condensed milk with tea. Fat-free cottage cheese is especially recommended. You can various soups on vegetable broth, meat products of lean varieties. Viscous and semi-viscous cereals, any vegetables and fruits are very useful. Eggs can be no more than one per day. From sweets you can honey.
- Fresh bread and rolls, as well as pastry products, are forbidden. Chicken fats and soups on meat broths, fatty meat and fish. This list includes eggs, mustard, pepper and horseradish, sour vegetables and fruits, ice cream and cream cakes, black coffee and cocoa.
Clinical nutrition for diseases of the digestive system can significantly reduce recovery time and alleviate the condition of the patient. This is its main meaning.
Treatment table number 8
This is the main diet that is used in weight correction. Diet therapy for obesity is the main therapeutic effect. Only by limiting the excess intake of fats and carbohydrates, we can talk about successful weight loss. And this is not a one-time measure. If you lose weight, but then return to your usual diet, then again you will encounter the same problem. This diet is prescribed in the treatment of obesity, if there are no diseases of the digestive system, liver and cardiovascular system. Otherwise, the doctor will have to adjust the diet in such a way as to solve several problems at the same time.
Main characteristics
Clinical nutrition is not just a limitation of calorie intake. It is fundamentally different from mono-diets, which impoverish the body and create a deficiency of nutrients. The total calorie content of the diet is 1800 kcal and is designed for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle. Calorie reduction is achieved by limiting the consumption of sugar and products that contain it.
If you want to eat right and not experience the pangs of hunger, then you can take medical nutrition as a basis. This is not so difficult, since a small decrease in calorie intake does not allow you to feel hungry. If you add physical activity to this, then you can lose 2.5 kg per month. This is a good result, because you can’t lose weight faster.
In addition to restricting sugars, the amount of animal fats is also reduced, with partial replacement by vegetable fats. This helps to lose weight and improve well-being. This increases the amount of fiber, which retains a feeling of satiety for a maximum period. The source is fruits and vegetables.
BZHU
Protein intake is at the upper limit of normal. That is, 90-120 g of pure protein per day. The amount of fat is reduced to 60 g, and carbohydrates - to 150-250 g. You can consume up to 3 kg of foods daily. That is, you can afford quite a lot of vegetables and fruits, herbs and cereals, fish and cottage cheese. There is still room for meat, but not for sausages or fried meatballs. Occasionally, you can afford to bake, but without adding fat. But an experienced nutritionist can clearly demonstrate that the diet of a person on a diet is not at all poor. It is quite diverse and bright, rich in herbs and vegetables.
An approximate set of products
To get 1800 kcal, you need to paint a daily diet in the morning. This way it will be easier to distribute the selected products. It could be:
- Dairy products - 400 g.
- Cereals - 200 g.
- Meat - 200 g.
- Apples - 200 g.
- Cottage cheese - 100 g, can be supplemented with a spoon of sour cream.
- River fish - 100 g.
- Egg - 1 boiled.
- Fresh cabbage - 300 g.
- Various vegetables - 600 g.
As you can see, the list is far from small. This also includes oils, vegetable and cream. That is, you will not feel hunger, but in the kitchen you will have to spend a certain amount of time so that you have salads and soups, steamed meat and fish on your table, cereals. But your health is worth the time. In addition, today the housewives have assistants: crock-pots, double boilers, ovens. They will successfully take over part of the work.
Instead of a conclusion
Diet therapy is a powerful tool that allows you to quickly and easily cure a patient. It is widely used in hospitals and resorts, so that the therapeutic effect is complex. But at home, you can use it with great success. If you are diagnosed with a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract, then you will have to adhere to a diet constantly. In periods of exacerbation, it should be stricter, and in the period of remission, indulgence can be allowed.