ããŠã¹ãçºæãããŠããåäžçŽãçµã¡ãŸããããããã¯ä»ã§ã人ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒãšå¯Ÿè©±ããäž»ãªæ¹æ³ã®1ã€ã§ãã ç§ã¯HSEèªç¥ç¥çµç§åŠç 究æã®äŒè°ã«åå ããŠãå°å¹³ç·ãè¶ ããŠããããããã£ãŠéåžžã«èå³æ·±ãBCIåéã®ææ°ã®éçºã«ã€ããŠèª¿ã¹ãŸããã
äŒè°ã¬ããŒããé¢é£èšäºã®èšäºã«æ¹èšããŸããã ããã€ãã®ç¬éãç°¡ç¥åããŠçç¥ããä»ã®ã€ãã³ãããã®èŠ³å¯ãšã¬ããŒãã®äžéšãè£è¶³ããŸãã ãããèªãã åŸãBCIãžã®ã¢ãããŒããšãã®åéã®çŸåšã®ç¶æ ã«ã€ããŠå ±éã®ç解ãããããšãé¡ã£ãŠããŸãã å ã®è§£éã«ã€ããŠã¯ãå ã®èšäºãåç §ããããšããå§ãããŸãã幞ããªããšã«ãã»ãšãã©ãã¹ãŠããããªãã¯ãã¡ã€ã³ã§ãã
ç©èª
BCIã®æŽå²ã¯ã1973幎ã«Toward direct brain-computer communication [1]ã®åºçããå§ãŸããŸãããããã§ã¯ãJacques Vidalã人éãšæ©æ¢°ã®éä¿¡ã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ãæ瀺ãããã®ãããªç®çã®ããã®EEGä¿¡å·åæã®ç 究宀ã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸããã 10幎åŸãWolpawã¯ã麻çºãã人ã ãå©ããããã®BCIã®äœ¿çšã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãBCIã®æŠå¿µã説æããŸãã[2]ã
äž»ãªBCIå®è£
ã«ããã å€ç«çå矀ã®äººãããã¹ããå
¥åã§ããããã«ãªããŸããã ã·ã¹ãã ã䜿çšããã®ã¯å°é£ã§ããããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯é·ããã¬ãŒãã³ã°ãçµãå¿
èŠããã£ããã[3]ã察ç
§çã«ã P300ã®èªèã«åºã¥ãããã¹ãã©ãŒãããããŸããã ã
90幎代ã«ã¯ãç¹ã«æ©æ¢°åŠç¿æè¡ã®åºçŸã«ããããããã¯ã¯ãŸããŸãç¥ãããããã«ãªããŸãã[5]ã BCIã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ã®åäžã«ããã人ã
ã¯ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãæ°ããé åã«æ¡å€§ããããšã«é¢å¿ãæã£ãŠããŸãã
Thorsten Zanderã¯æ¬¡ã®BCIåé¡ãææ¡ããŸãã[6]ïŒ
- ã¢ã¯ãã£ãBCI-ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ç¡æ¡ä»¶ã§ã³ãã³ããéå§ããŸã
- ãªã¢ã¯ãã£ãBCI-ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ã·ã¹ãã ã®é²åºã«å¿ããŠã³ãã³ããéå§ããŸã
- ããã·ãBCI-ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ã³ãã³ããå ¥åããŸããããã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãèªã¿åããåæããŸã
ãããšã¯å¥ã«ãè³åºæ¿ã®åé¡ãæ€èšãã䟡å€ããããŸãããã®ãããã¯ã¯ãBCIã«çŽæ¥é¢é£ããŠããŸããããBCIã®å¶åŸ¡æ©èœãæ¡åŒµããé¢é£æè¡ã§ãã
BCIã¯ãä¿¡å·ãåä¿¡ããæ¹æ³ã«ãã£ãŠãåé¡ã§ããŸãã
EEGã¯ä¿¡å·ãåä¿¡ããæãäžè¬çãªæ¹æ³ã§ãããããã£ãŠãç¹ã«æèšããªãéããããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ãããæå³ããŸãã
ã¢ã¯ãã£ãBCI
ãã¹ã±ãããã©ãã€ã
ããã¯ãæ³åäžã®åãã掻æ§åããããšã«ããå¶åŸ¡ã®å¯èœæ§ã®è±¡åŸŽã§ãã äºå®ãéåç®è³ªã¯é ã®äžå€®ã«ã³ã³ãã¯ãã«é 眮ãããŠãããããäœã®ããŸããŸãªéšåã®æ³åäžã®åããããŸãåé¡ãããBCIã®æ§ç¯ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã ãã®ãããªBCIã䜿çšããã«ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã身äœã®ããŸããŸãªéšåã§ã©ã®ããã«åããããããé ã§æ³åããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
å®éšã容æã«ããããã«ãç§åŠè
ã¯BCILABãªã©ã®ç¬èªã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯ãéçºããŠããŸãã 圌ã®å©ããåããŠãæ³åäžã®åãã䜿çšããå¶åŸ¡ã®å¯èœæ§ãæçè«è
ã«ç€ºãããã«å®éšãè¡ãããŸããã çµæã¯80ïŒ
ã§ãããéåžžã®éžæè¢ããã人ã®å Žåãçµæã¯ãŸããŸãã§ãããç¹ã«æºåãã§ããŠããªãåçè
ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯è³è³ã«å€ããŸã[7]ã
åãã¢ãããŒãã䜿çšããŠãé£è¡æ©ã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã¿ã®å°å¹³ç·ãå¶åŸ¡ããŸããã çµæã¯ãŸã¡ãŸã¡ã§ããã3人ã®åçè
ã94ïŒ
ã®çµæãéæããããã«4人ã64ïŒ
ã3人ã60ïŒ
æªæºã®çµæãéæããŸããã æåã¯ãæåã®äžäœäžäœãèµãšåãããã«èªç©ºæ©ãé£ãã ãšããäºå®ã«ãããŸãã æ®ãã®ãã€ãããã¯å
éšç¶æ
ã«ååã«çŠç¹ãåãããŠããããçèã®åãããããããã³ã³ãããŒã«ã«ãã€ãã¹ã®è²¢ç®ãããŸããã
ãªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ã·ã¹ãã
éåæ什ãèªèããBCIã¯ååã«ç 究ãããŠããããã§ã«è³åäžæ£è
ã®ãªãããªã«äœ¿çšãããŠããŸãã麻çºããæ足ãå¶åŸ¡ããããã«å¿
èŠãªå£ããæ¥ç¶ãå埩ããããã«ã Pavel Bobrovã¯ãæã®éåæ©èœãå埩ããããã®ãªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³æœèšã®èšåºè©Šéšã®çµæã瀺ãã䜿çšã®æå¹æ§ã蚌æããŸããã ããã«ããªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ã1ãæåŸã«éå§ããæ£è
ãšè³åäžã®6ãæåŸã«éå§ããæ£è
ã§ã¯ããªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ãæ©ãéå§ãããã»ã©å¹æã倧ãããªããŸãã [11]
g.tec Gunter Edlingerã®é·ã¯ããªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããã®ç¹å¥ãªãžã ã®ä»äºã«ã€ããŠè©±ãããŸãããèå³æ·±ãç¹ã¯ããªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ããã»ã¹ã«åè¢ã®é»æ°åºæ¿ãè¿œå ãããããšã§ãã
ã²ãŒã ã競äºã®èŠçŽ ãããã»ã¹ã«è¿œå ãããšãé¢äžåºŠãé«ããªããŸããã€ãŸããæ£è
ã¯ãªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ãããããåããããšã«ãªããŸãã Alexei Osadchyã®ãªãŒããŒã·ããã®äžãHSE Center for Bioelectric Interfacesã§ã¯ããªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ããã»ã¹ãæ¹åããããã®ãããã¿ã€ããéçºãããŸããã ãã®ãããªã¯ã2人çšã®ãããã¿ã€ãã·ã¹ãã ã瀺ããŠããŸãã2人ãè¹è¶ãå¶åŸ¡ããä»®æ³ã®ã¢ãŒã¿ãŒã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããè¹è¶ããã®æ¹åã«åŸããããšããŠããŸãã
ã·ã³ã°ã«ãã¬ã€ã€ãŒã²ãŒã ïŒ
ãŸãã¯ãããšãã°ãé»æ¥µã®ã³ã³ãã¯ããªé
åã䜿çšããŠçèã®æŽ»åã«ãã£ãŠææžããèªèããããã®ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã«ãããæžã蟌ãŸããå
容ãåæ§ç¯ã§ããŸãïŒ[12]
圌ãã®ä»äºã®é ç¹ã¯ã ExoAtletãããžã§ã¯ãã§ã®BCIã®ä»äºã§ããããã«ãããé害ã®ãã人ãç¬ç«ããŠç§»åãããããªãããªã«äœ¿çšãããã§ããŸãã
䟵襲çBCIã¯ããè€éãªãããã¯ã§ãããçŸåšãåç©ãŸãã¯å»çäžã®çç±ã§é»æ¥µãåãä»ããããŠãã人ã
ã«å¯ŸããŠå®éšãè¡ãããŠããŸãã äžé£ã®ç 究ã匷調ãããåã
ã®ã³ã³ããŒãã³ãïŒåãæ¶ç©ºã®åããæå³ããïŒã ãã§ãªããåãã泚æãèŠç·ã®æ¹åãå
±æããããšãã§ããããšã瀺ãããŸããã ãµãã©ã§ã®äŒè°ããã®åæ§ã®å ±åã®èšé²ãå©çšå¯èœã§ãã
ãªã¢ã¯ãã£ãBCI
ãªã¢ã¯ãã£ãBCIã®å žåçãªäŸã¯ãP300å¹æã«åºã¥ããã¹ãã©ãŒãã§ããããã¯ã衚瀺ãããåºæ¿ã®éžæã«å¿ããŠè¡šç€ºããããæ³¢ãã§ããããã¹ãã©ãŒãã§ã¯ããã®ãããªåºæ¿ã¯ã¢ã«ãã¡ããããŸãã¯ã³ãã³ãã®æåãç¹å®ã®æ¹æ³ã§ãšã³ã³ãŒããããŸãã ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ãã·ã¹ãã ã瀺ãåºæ¿ãšç²Ÿç¥çã«çžäºäœçšããå¿ èŠããããŸã-éžæãããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã®éå ã®åæ°ãæ°ããŸãã
Neurochatãããžã§ã¯ãã¯èšããŸã§ããããŸãããããã¯ãé害ãæã€äººã ãã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ããšãããšãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
ããã·ãBCI
ããã·ãBCIã®åºæ¬çãªèãæ¹ã¯ã人ã®ç¶æ ã®è©äŸ¡ã§ããããšãã°ãèªç¥è² è·ïŒã¯ãŒã¯ããŒãïŒã®è©äŸ¡ã§ãããã¬ãŒãã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã«é©çšã§ãããã®åé¡ã解決ããããã«ç 究ãè¡ãããŸããã
åé¡åšã¯ã次ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ã§ãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ãããŸããã
- é«è² è·ã®å Žåãåçè ã¯3ã4æ¡ãã1ã2æ¡ãå·®ãåŒããæ°åã®åçŽãªãªãã·ã§ã³ãé€å€ããŸããã
- 軜ãè² è·ã®å Žåã圌ãã¯åçè ã«å¿å°ããèšæ¶ã«éäžããããã«é Œã¿ãŸããã
ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã®ç²ŸåºŠã¯70ïŒ
ã§ããã åé¡åšã¯ä»ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ïŒä¹ç®ãã¹ã¯ã©ã³ãã«ã²ãŒã ïŒã§ãã¹ããããåæ§ã®ç²ŸåºŠãåŸãããããã人ãšã¿ã¹ã¯ã«äŸåããã«åé¡åšãäœæã§ããããšã確èªãããŸããã [13]
ãã®èãã¯ãæè¡äžã«å€ç§å»ãå¶åŸ¡ããããã«é©çšã§ããŸã[14]ã ã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã¿ã§ããŸããŸãªè€éãã®æäœãå®è¡äžã«å€ç§å»ã®è² è·ã決å®ããåé¡ã¯è§£æ±ºãããŸããã ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãå€ç§å»ãé«ç²ŸåºŠã§æè¡ãè¡ãæ¹æ³ã決å®ããããšãåŠã³ãŸããã
å¥ã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãç·©åã®çšåºŠã枬å®ããããšã§ãã 蚪åè
ã®ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ãã€ã³ã¹ã¿ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ç¶æ
ã«åºã¥ããŠã æ²é»åç©é€šã¯åœŒã®å
çç¶æ
ãåæ ãã掻æ°ã®ããåçãäœæããŸããã [15]
ããã·ãBCIã¯å¶åŸ¡ã¿ã¹ã¯ã«ã䜿çšã§ããŸããããã¯ãã«ãŒãœã«ãçŽæ¥å¶åŸ¡ããã®ã§ã¯ãªããã«ãŒãœã«ãã¿ãŒã²ãããžã®æ£ãããã¹ã«æ²¿ã£ãŠç§»åããŠãããã©ãããå€æããæš©å©ã®ã¿ãäžããç¬èªã®ã¢ãããŒãã§ãã å®éšã¯ãå°ããª4x4ããã³6x6ããããããªãã¯ã¹ã§å®è¡ãããŸããã æåã«ãã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãã€ã³ãã®ä»»æã®åãã«ã€ããŠèšç·Žããã人ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ã¯ãã€ã³ããæ£ããæ¹åã«åããŠãããã©ãããå€æããããšã§ããããã®åŸãã©ã€ãã¢ãŒãã§ãã¹ãããçµæãæé©ãªãã¹ã«è¿ãããšãçºèŠããŸããã [16] ãã¢ã³ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãèŠãããšãã§ããŸãã
Midasã¿ããã®åé¡ãšE-BCIã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹
èŠç·ã®å©ããåããŠã«ãŒãœã«ãå¶åŸ¡ããããšã¯ãã¢ã€ãã©ãã«ãŒïŒå¥åãããªçŒçéåïŒã®å©ããåããŠè§£æ±ºã§ããç°¡åãªã¿ã¹ã¯ã§ãã ãããããããã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ã«ã¯åé¡ããããŸããããšãã°ãäžéæã®çŒçéåãéžæã®åé¡ãªã©ã§ããã¡ãªã¿ã«ãããã¯ããªã®ã¢çã®ããã¹ã®ã¿ããåé¡ãšéåžžã«è±¡åŸŽçã«åŒã°ããã¿ãããã¢ã€ãã ãéã«å€ããŸããã ããã·ãBCIã䜿çšãããšããããã®åé¡ã解決ããŸãã
ã¢ã€ãã©ãã«ãŒã䜿çšããŠå¶åŸ¡ããéã«ã¢ã¯ãã£ããªBCIã䜿çšããŠéžæãè¡ãã¢ãããŒãã¯é·ãéç¥ãããŠããŸãããé床ã«éãã¯ãããŸããã åçè
ãNASA TLXã¹ã±ãŒã«ã䜿çšããŠããŸããŸãªéžææ¹æ³ãè©äŸ¡ãã調æ»ã§ã¯ãBCIãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãªããžã§ã¯ããéžæããããã®é·ãä¿®æ£ãªãã·ã§ã³ãããæéçã«ã¯éããããŸããããBCIã¯ããã»ã©ãã©ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåŒãèµ·ãããŸãã[10]ã
Torsten ZanderããŒã ã®ãããªãç 究ã«ããã90ïŒ
ã®ç²ŸåºŠã§ãç©äœãžã®æèçãªåºå®ãšç¡æèãåºå¥ã§ããããšã瀺ãããŸãã[17]ã å®éšã§ã¯ããªããããŒã«ãã©ãã€ã ã䜿çšãããŸãããåçè
ã¯ãæ°ãæ£ããå³åœ¢ãšçµã¿åãããŠéžæãããå³åœ¢ãå«ãäžé£ã®å³åœ¢ã調ã¹ãŸããã
Sergey Shishkinã¯ãäžèšã®ã¢ãããŒãã®æ¹åã«ã€ããŠè©±ãã[8]ã 圌ãã®ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éèŠãªãã©ã¹ã¯ãéžæçã300ããªç§ãã500ããªç§ã«åæžããããšã§ãããããã«ã¯éåžžã«é«éãªåé¡ãå¿ èŠã§ã;ãã®ãããEEGNetã䜿çšãããŸãã[9]ã
泚æã¡ã«ããºã -ããã¯ãBCIã®ç¯å²ãæ¡å€§ããADHDæ£è ã®ãªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããã®ã·ã¹ãã ãäœæã§ããå¥ã®ãããã¯ã§ããMehdiOrdikhaniã¯Tedtalkã®åºæ¬çãªã¢ã€ãã¢ã«ã€ããŠèªã£ãŠããŸã
åºæ¿
å®éšã®å«çã®åé¡ã¯ç¥çµç§åŠã«ãšã£ãŠéåžžã«æ·±å»ã§ãããåç©ã¯åœå¢ãè¶ããç 究ã®ç¢é¢ã«ç«ã¡ãŸãã è³å
ã®ç¹å®ã®é åã§äœæ¥ãããå Žåã¯ã©ãããã°ããã§ãã çŸåšãããã¯åã蟌ã¿é»æ¥µã§ã®ã¿å¯èœã§ãã ããããäŸãã°ãèªç¶çã«ã¯ç£å Žã«ææãªçãç©ãããŸãããã·ã¬ã³å€§åŠã®ã¬ãªãããã«ãããŒã ã¯ããã®éºäŒåãéããåé¢ããã©ããã«å°å
¥ããŠãç£å Žã®äœçšã«ãã£ãŠè¡åãå¶åŸ¡ããããšãåŠã³ãŸãã[18]ã ãããã£ãŠãäŸãã°ãŠãããã®çºäœãæ¢ãããªã©ãç®çã®é åã«ã¿ãŒã²ãããçµã£ãå¹æãåãŒãããšãã§ããŸãã
ãããŠãã¢ã«ã²ã¶ã«ã®ããã€ã«ã»ã¬ãããã«ãã䟵襲çã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ã®ç 究ã°ã«ãŒãå
šäœïŒè³-ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒ-è³ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãæ§ç¯ãããä»®æ³è¢ãå¶åŸ¡ããããšã§è§ŠèŠãã£ãŒãããã¯ãåãåãããšãã§ããŸããã è¬çŸ©ã è³ãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®éã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ ãããã®æç²ããã詳ããèŠãããšãã§ããŸã ã
ãã£ãŒãã©ãŒãã³ã°ã®çåœ
ã深局åŠç¿ãã®ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã«ãããæ©æ¢°åŠç¿ãã®ãã§ã«é«ã粟床ãéæã§ãããšããäºå®ã«å ããŠã人ã
ã¯ãéåé¡ãã«åãçµãã§ããããšã«æ³šæããããšãã§ããŸãã EEGããã³MEGã®é«éããŒã¿ã«åºã¥ããŠãè³å
ã®ãã¥ãŒãã³ã®å®éã®æŽ»æ§åã埩å
ããããšãã§ããŸããããã¯ãããšãã°fMRIã¡ãœããã«ãã£ãŠãéåžžã«äœãæéå解èœã§ç€ºãããŠããŸãã 楜芳䞻矩ãåã¶ã ãã§ããã®äœåã®å·®ãè¿«ã£ãæåãä¿¡ããããšãã§ããŸãã
EEGãŸãã¯MEGã«åºã¥ãBCIã®å¥ã®åé¡ã¯ãåãã³ã³ããŒãã³ãã®è³ã®ããŸããŸãªé åã§ã®ã¢ã¯ãã£ããã£ã®çµæããŠãŒã¶ãŒéã§ç°ãªãããšã§ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒãšã¿ã¹ã¯ããšã«ãã¥ãŒã©ã«ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãåŠç¿ããå¿
èŠããããã·ã¹ãã ã§ã®äœæ¥ãè€éã«ãªããã³ã¹ããé«ããªããŸãã ãã ãããã¥ãŒã©ã«ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãããŸããŸãªãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ããŒã¿ãããŸããŸãªã¿ã¹ã¯ã§äœ¿çšãããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§åãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ããå ŽåããåŠç¿ã®è»¢éãã«å€æŽãçããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãããã®çµæããã£ãªãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³æé ãã¹ãããã§ããŸãã [19]
ããŒããŠã§ã¢
æåŸã«ãè ºã«å°éããŸããïŒ
ããã§éèŠãªããšã¯ã2ã€ã®ç¹ãèšãããšã§ããäžæ¹ã§ãBCIã®æ©åšã¯ããªãããã°ãããã®äžã®äººã¯æ³šæãåŒããŸããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã®1ã€ã§ããããã¥ã¢é»æ¥µãå®èšŒãããŸããã [20]
æ®å¿µãªããã倧ããªåçãæ¿å ¥ããããšã¯ã§ããŸãããã Googleãã©ããèŠãããšãã§ããŸãã
ãã¹ãŠã®å°åãµã€ãºã«ããããããããããã®é»æ¥µã®åãä»ãã¯äŸ¿å©ã§ã¯ãªããåã ã®é»æ¥µãæ¥çããå¿ èŠããããŸãã å éããã«ã¯ãããŸããŸãªããã€ã¹ã䜿çšããŸãã
- é»æ¥µçšã®ç©ŽãããŒã¯ãããŠããEEGãã£ãã
- é»æ¥µã®äœçœ®ãäž»ã«åºå®ãããŠããããŸããŸãªãã¶ã€ã³ã®ããŒããšãã«ã¡ããã¯ãOpenBCIã®ã¿ãUltracortexã§éç«ã£ãŠãããã¿ã¹ã¯ã«å¿ããŠé»æ¥µãåé 眮ã§ããŸãã
æ¯èŒçæ°é®®ãªã¢ã€ãã¢ã¯ãè³ã®é åã«åãä»ããããã®CeeGridé»æ¥µã®é åã§ããããã¯ç®ã«èŠãããç°¡åã«åãä»ããããŸãããERP BCIã«ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããã®ãçŸå®çã§ããããšã瀺ãããŠããŸãã ã
2çªç®ã®åé¡ã¯ãé«å質ã®ä¿¡å·ãåŸãããã®å°é»æ§ã²ã«ã®å¿ èŠæ§ã§ããããã§ã¯ãéãã¯èš±å®¹å¯èœã§ããã也ç¥é»æ¥µã®äœ¿çšãæ£åœåãããããšã瀺ãããŠããŸã[22]ã ããšãã°ãæè¿ãFlorida Research Instrumentsã¯çŽ°é·ã也ç¥é»æ¥µïŒå·Šã®åçïŒã®è²©å£²ãéå§ããŸãããããã¯ããã³ã®äžžã¿ã倧ããããšã§å ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ãšã¯ç°ãªãããåç¥ã®ããã«ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«å¯ŸããåŠå®çãªææ ãå°ãªããªã£ãŠããŸãã ããã«é«åºŠãªãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãé»æ¥µèªäœã®ãã³ã«ã¯ãã·ã§ã³ãè£ åãããŠããå Žåã§ããçŽ æã®ãããã§ããŸãã¯ã¹ããªã³ã°ã®å©ããåããŠïŒäžã®åçã§ã¯äžå€®ãšå³åŽã«ãããŸãïŒã
ãããã«
倧è¡ãžã®BCIã®æ®åã¯è¿ éãã€å®¹æã§ã¯ãªããè³ã®ç¶æ ãç解ããããã®éåžžã«éãããæ©äŒãçŸåšéãããŠããŸããããã®åéã®é²æ©ã¯ç¡èŠã§ããŸããã äž»ãªãã®ã¯ãããã€ã¹ã®ã³ã¹ããåæž/ãµãã¹ã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ããã€ã¹ãæäŸããæ奜家ã察象ãšãããããžã§ã¯ãã®åºçŸã«åãã£ãŠæ£ããåŸåããããšããããšã§ãã
å人çã«ã¯ãæé²ããEmotiveãMUSEãOpenBCIã®äžã§ãã·ã¢ã®ãããžã§ã¯ããç»å Žãå§ããããšãéåžžã«å¬ããæããŸãã ãµã³ã¯ãããã«ãã«ã¯ã§éå¬ãããæè¿ã®ãã¥ãŒããã©ãŒã©ã ã§ã¯ã次ã®ããšãå®èšŒãããŸããã
- ãã¥ãŒãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãªãããªã¹ã¢ã°ã©ã
- ãã¥ãŒãã©ããè¥ãç¥çµççåŠè -ãšã³ãžãã¢ã
- FreeEEG32ãããžã§ã¯ã
- EEG SmartBCIã«åºã¥ããªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³è€åäœiBrain
å©çšå¯èœãªããã€ã¹ã®æ¡åŒµã«ãããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹é åã¯ç 究ãå®éšã«é åçã«ãªããŸãã ãšã³ããªãŒã®ãããå€ã¯äœããåžžã«é©åãªã¿ã¹ã¯ãèŠã€ããããšãã§ããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ããã£ãšæ¹åããŠãæ°ããç¥èãšã¹ãã«ãç²åŸã§ããŸãã ç§ãããªãã«æãããšã
ããã§ç§ã¯BCIãšãªã¢ãèŠãŸãããæ¥å¹Žäœãé¢çœããèŠãŠã¿ãŸãããã
1 è³ãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®çŽæ¥éä¿¡ã«åããŠ
2 Brain âã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšå¶åŸ¡ã®ããã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹
3 麻çºè
ã®ããã®ç¶Žãè£
眮
4 é ã®ãŠã£ãºãããããã¹ãïŒäºè±¡é¢é£ã®è³é»äœãå©çšããç¥ç人工è£
å
·ã«åããŠ
5 åäžè©ŠéšEEGã®åé¡ïŒè³ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ã«åããŠ
6 ååçè³ã«åããŠâã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ïŒè³ã®å¿çšâäžè¬çãªãã¥ãŒãã³ãã·ã³ã·ã¹ãã ãžã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ãã¯ãããžãŒ
7 Team PhyPAïŒæ¥åžžçãªäººéãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®çžäºäœçšã®ããã®è³ãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹
8 æåŸ
ã«åºã¥ãç®ãšè³ãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ïŒãªã³ã©ã€ã³ãã¹ãã®è©Šã¿
èŠç·ããŒã¹ã®å¶åŸ¡ã«äœ¿çšãããåºå®å
·ã®è³æ³¢é°æ§ïŒç®-è³-ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ã«ããæå³ã®ã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãžã®å€æã«åããŠ
9 EEGNetïŒEEGããŒã¹ã®ãã¬ã€ã³ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹çšã®ã³ã³ãã¯ããªç³ã¿èŸŒã¿ãããã¯ãŒã¯
10 èŠç·å
¥åãšè³ã®çµã¿åããâã¿ããã¬ã¹äººéã®ããã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹âã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®çžäºäœçš
11 è³åäžåŸã®ãªãããªããŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããããè£
眮
12 åçã¢ãã«ã¯ããã«ããã£ãã«çé»å³èšé²ããã®ææžãæåã®åæ§ç¯ãæ¹åããŸã
13 Team PhyPAïŒæ¥åžžã®äººéãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®çžäºäœçšã®ããã®è³ãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹
14 è³æ³¢ã«ããèªåã¿ã¹ã¯è² è·æ€åº
15 éæ¢åç©é€šã§ã®ååçãªè³ãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹
16 Neuroadaptiveãã¯ãããžãŒã«ãããå
åŽåé åéã®æŽ»åã«åºã¥ããæé»çãªã«ãŒãœã«å¶åŸ¡ãå¯èœã«
17 èŠç·ããŒã¹ã®äººéãšæ©æ¢°ã®çžäºäœçšããµããŒãããããã®ååçãªè³ãšã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹
18 é»ç£çã«å¿çããæ°èŠã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªã®æŽ»æ§åã«ãã现èæ©èœã®ç¡ç·å¶åŸ¡
19 ç¥çµç£æ°æž¬å®ã®çæã¢ãã«ã«åºã¥ããç³ã¿èŸŒã¿ãããã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ãåãããå
ç¢ã§é«åºŠã«é©å¿å¯èœãªè³ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹
20 æé©ãªè£
çæãå®çŸããå°ååãããè³æ³¢é ç®é»æ¥µ
é³ç¥èŠãç£èŠããããã®ã©ã€ãè£èŽåšã«çµã¿èŸŒãŸããè³é»æ¥µå
ããã³åšå²ãã枬å®ããã 21ã®ã€ãã³ãé¢é£é»äœ
22 ç§åŠç 究ãšè³ã®ããã®ä¹ŸåŒè³æ³¢ã·ã¹ãã âã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹
UPDã¯EBCIã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹ã®èª¬æãä¿®æ£ããŸãããã誀ã£ãŠã¢ã¯ãã£ãBCIã«å²ãåœãŠãããŸããããããã¯æ£ãããããŸãã