...ãã³ãµãŒã¯åœŒå¥³ããç®ãé¢ããã圌女ã¯ããŠã³ã¹ããŠåœŒãã®éãåã£ãã
ãµãŒã»ããªãŒã»ãã©ãã§ããã ãŠã£ã³ã¿ãŒã»ãã¹ã¿ãŒ ã
ãã®ãã«ãããããããäžç®äžŠã¹ã¯ããŒãã²ãŒã ã®äžçã®ç€ç³ã§ãã ã N in a row ãã®åçã¯éåžžã«åçŽã§èªç¶ã§ãããããäžåºŠã«è€æ°ã®å€ä»£ã®äººã ã«ãã£ãŠç¬èªã«çºæãããŸããã äžåœãšæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãå€ä»£ãšãŒãããã®ã é£ç ããã æ³¢äœèŠ å°gi ããªã©ã®ã²ãŒã ã®åºç€ãç¯ã ãã ã¢ã«ã¯ãšã«ã« ãã®ååã§ããã ãã« ãããããŠæçµçã«ã¯çŸä»£ã®ãã©ããå šäœãçã¿åºããŸãã ã
å ã®åœ¢ã§ã¯ãäžç®äžŠã¹ã¯é¢çœãã²ãŒã ã®ããã«ã¯èŠããŸããã å®éããã®ã²ãŒã ã®åãã¬ã€ã€ãŒã®åæ¹ã«ãšã£ãŠæå©ãªæŠç¥ã¯å®å šã«æçœã§ãããæ£ããã²ãŒã ã§åã€ããšã¯å®å šã«äžå¯èœã§ãã åæ§ã®ã²ãŒã ã¯è¥ãåŠçãåŒãä»ããããšãã§ããŸãããçé¢ç®ãªãã¬ã€ã€ãŒãåŒãä»ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ãããããããä¿®æ£ããã«ã¯ããã€ãã®æ¹æ³ããããŸã...
ãããŠãç«ã¯ã©ãã§ããïŒ
Tic-Tac-Toeã®æ¹åã«é¢ããŠã¯ãæåã«é ã«æµ®ãã¶ã®ã¯ãã²ãŒã ã¹ããŒã¹ã®ãµã€ãºïŒãŸãã¯ãµã€ãºïŒã®å¢å ã§ãã å®éã 3x3x3ã®ããŒãã§ãã¬ã€ããã®ã¯ããã»ã©ç°¡åã§ã¯ãªãã倧ããªããŒãã§ãã¬ã€ããå€ãã®çš®é¡ã®äžã«ã¯ããããšèŠãªãããåéããããŸãïŒãã ãããã®å Žåã5ã€ã®ããŒã¹ãäžåã«äžŠã¹ãããšã«ã€ããŠè©±ããŸãïŒã ã²ãŒã ãæ¹åããããŸãæçœãªæ¹æ³ã¯ãããŸããã ãããã£ãŠãã²ãŒã èŠçŽ ã®1ã€ãšããŠéåã䜿çšãããšãéåžžã«é¢çœãFour in a Rowã²ãŒã ãåŸãããåå©æ¡ä»¶ã®ç°¡åãªå€æŽïŒ3æ¡ã®åãæ§ç¯ããªããã°ãªããªããã¬ãŒã€ãŒãè² ããïŒã«ããããLosing Tic-Tac-ToeããåŸãããŸããåã€ã®ã¯ç°¡åã§ã¯ãããŸããã
2006幎ãã¢ã©ã³ã»ãŽãã¯ã²ãŒã ãæ ¹æ¬çã«æ¹åããå¥ã®æ¹æ³ãæãã€ããŸãã ã 圌ã¯ããããã®ããã«ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããéãåããããã絡ã¿åããããç³ã¿èŸŒã¿ããªã©ã®éåååŠã®è€éãªæŠå¿µã説æããããšãç®çãšããŠããŸããã ã²ãŒã ã®åœŒã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã§ã¯ãåãã¬ã€ã€ãŒã¯ãçå£ãã€ãŸå ã眮ã代ããã«ã競æå Žã®ç°ãªãäœçœ®ã«2ã€ã®ããŒããã¹ãäœããŸãã ããŒãã«è¿œå ãããããŒã¹ã¯ã2ã€ã®äœçœ®ã«åæã«ååšããå¯èœæ§ãçãããªããŸãã ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã«ã¯ããã¬ãŒã€ãŒã®åãã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã«é¢ããæ å ±ãæ ŒçŽãããŸãããã®æ å ±ã¯ãåŸã«çºçãã競åã®è§£æ±ºã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã

ããŒã¹ãããŒããŠã©ãŒã¯ã®åœ¢ã§ã®ã¿ããŒãäžã«ååšããéããåããŒã¹ãã©ã®äœçœ®ã«ãããã確å®ã«èšãããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ãããããããã¯éåååŠã®æãæåããæ¯phorã§ã¯ãããŸããããã®ã¢ãã«å ã§ã¯ãåå³ã¯2ã€ä»¥äžã®å¯èœãªå Žæã§ãåºãããããšãã§ããããã§ãïŒä»¥äžã§èª¬æããåè ã決å®ããéã®å°é£ããããŸãïŒã 2010幎ãJN LeawãšSA Cheongã¯ãã²ãŒã ã®ããè€éãªããŒãžã§ã³ãææ¡ããŸãããåããŒãžã§ã³ã¯ã9次å ãã«ãã«ã空éã®ãã¯ãã«ã§ãã ç°¡åãªèª¬æã¯ããã«ãããŸã ã
ãã¡ãããåããåºãããšããèãã¯æ°ãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
ããšãã°ã æåŠãã§ã¹ ïŒFred Galvinã1958ïŒã§ã¯ãåãã¬ã€ã€ãŒã2ã€ã®å¯èœãªåããææ¡ãã察æŠçžæã¯ææ¡ãããåãã®1ã€ãéžæããŸããã èš±å¯ããã移åã®ã¿ãå¯èœãªããžã·ã§ã³ã«ã€ããŠã®ã¿äŸå€ãäœæãããŸããã åæ§ã«ãã²ãŒã ãã¬ã€ã¯Ambiguous Chessã§æ§ç¯ãããŠããŸãïŒFabrice Liardetã2005ïŒã ãã®ã²ãŒã ã®ããªãšãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ããã¬ãŒã€ãŒã¯èªåãè¡ãããšããŠãããã£ãŒã«ããããŒã¯ãïŒæµã®ãã£ã®ã¥ã¢ã«ãã£ãŠå æãããŠããå ŽåããããŸãïŒã察æŠçžæã¯ãã®ç§»åãå®äºããããšãã§ãããã£ã®ã¥ã¢ãéžæããŸãã
ãããã«ããããã®æŠå¿µã¯ç§ã«ãšã£ãŠèå³æ·±ããã®ã§ããã ããŒãã²ãŒã ã¯åºæ¬çã«ã·ã³ãã«ã§ãã ããŒã¹ã¯ããŒãã«çœ®ããã移åãããå転ãããä»ã®ããŒã¹ãåãããŸã-ãããã¯ãã¹ãŠéåžžã«ç°¡åã«å®è£ ã§ããŸãã ããããããã€ã©ã€ãããããããã®è€éãã¯æåéããããŒã«ãªãŒããŒãããŸãã Chessã§ã¯ããããã¯checkãšcheckmateã®æŠå¿µã§ããã Checkersã§ã¯ -ãå€æ°æ±ºãã Goã§ã¯ -ããŒã¹ã®çžäºåœ±é¿ã§ãã ãéãåããããšããã«é¢é£ããã絡ã¿åããã®æŠå¿µã¯ããããã®ããã€ã©ã€ããã®1ã€ã§ãã
æ··ä¹±ã解ãæãã
åé¡ãååã®éè·¯ã®ã¿ã«éå®ãããŠããå Žåããéåäžç®äžŠã¹ãã«ã¯äœãèå³æ·±ããã®ã¯ãããŸããã åã€ããã«ã¯ãäžããããäœçœ®ã«ãã£ã®ã¥ã¢ã100ïŒ ååšããããšãä¿èšŒããå¿ èŠããããŸãïŒ åå転ã¯ã©ããã£ãŠæ¬æ Œçãªæ°åã«ãªããŸããïŒ ãããç解ããæãæ¥ãŸããã ããŒããååã»ã©é·ãåãããšãé ããæ©ããã次ã®ãããªç¶æ³ãçºçããŸãã

è¡çªãçºçããŸãããäžçš®ã®ãââã©ããã¯ã¹-ãœãŒã¹ããŒã¿ã®ççŸã æçµçã«ãåå³ã®äœçœ®ãæ£ç¢ºã«å®çŸ©ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ãã¹ãŠã®ããŒããŠã©ãŒã¯ã¯ãåæžããããã¹ãã§ããããã®ãããªãç³ã¿èŸŒã¿ãã«ã¯æ ¹æ¬çã«ç°ãªã2ã€ã®å¯èœæ§ããããŸãã ãããã®ããããã®å Žåãã²ãŒã ã¯çµäºããŸãã
çžäºäŸåé¢ä¿ã®ãµã€ã¯ã«ãéãããã¬ã€ã€ãŒã¯ãããã©ããã¯ã¹ãã®çºçã«å¯ŸããŠæ眪ã§ãã ãã®ãããã³ã³ããªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®éžæãçžæã«æäŸãããŸãã ç§ãã¡ã®å Žåããµã€ã¯ã«ã¯ãã¯ãã¹ãã§éããããŸããã ããã¯ããã€ãŸå ããæåãåé¿ã§ããããšãæå³ããŸãã 圌ãã¯ããã¯ãã¹ãããŸã åã£ãŠããªãã2ã€ã®å¯èœãªäžçããããéžæããŸãã ãã ããç³ã¿èŸŒã¿ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®éžæã«äœãäŸåããªãç¶æ³ã¯å¯èœã§ãã
ããã§éžæããªããã®ã¯ãæçµçµæã¯ãã€ãŸå ããšåãã§ã-圌ãã¯å€±ããŸããã çž®éããç¶æ³ãå¯èœã§ãã ãã¬ãŒã€ãŒã¯èª°ã§ããããŒãã®åããšãªã¢ã§2åã®ããŒããã¹ãè¡ãããšãã§ããŸãã ããã¯ãå¯èœãªéãæçã®è¡çªã§ãã 2ã€ã®å®å šã«åäžã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®ãéžæããæå³ããããããã®ãããªå移åã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã¯ããã®ãã£ãŒã«ãã®ãã«ã¹ãããŒã¯ãšã»ãŒåçã§ãã
ãååããéžæãããã£ãŒã«ãããã©ã®ããã«ç§»åãããã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã ããŒãã®åã»ã«ã«ã¯ã1åã®ããã«ãã ãŒãã®çµæãå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãã ãã®ãããªãæ··éãã¯ããã§ãŒã³ã«æ²¿ã£ãŠããã«åºããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãïŒå®éã«ã¯ãããªãŒãä»ããŠïŒã ç§ã®æèŠã§ã¯ããã®ãããªåãã¯ã©ãããã¡ãŠã«ã®å±æ©ã«onããŠãããšããã§ãã 匷ãããã ãã®ãããªã決å®è«çããªåãã¯ããäžç®äžŠã¹ãã®éåžžã®åããšåçã§ãããããã«ãéžæããäœçœ®ããæµããè¿œãæããããšãã§ããŸãã ãQuantic Tic-Tac-Toeãã®å®è£ ã®ã»ãšãã©ã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ïŒ10ç¹äž6ç¹ïŒã§ãã決å®è«çããªåãã®å®è£ ãçŠæ¢ããŸããã
ã©ã®ããã«æ©èœããŸããïŒ
ãã®ã³ãŒãã¯æªå€¢ã®å
·äœåã§ãã 3åæžãçŽããŸããïŒ ä»ã§ã¯äœãšãåäœããŸãã çŸæç¹ã§ã¯ãäž»ã«ãããã§æ§æãããŠãããããã©ã®ããã«ããã°ãããããããããŸããã Axiomã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ãããã°ããã»ã¹ã¯ç°¡åã§ã¯ãããŸããã ã³ãŒãã«ãšã©ãŒãããå Žåãã¯ã©ãã·ã¥ããŸãã ã»ãšãã©ã®å Žåã ãããããã¹ãŠãæ©èœããå Žåãããã¯ãšã©ãŒããªããšããæå³ã§ã¯ãããŸããã ééãèªäœãå¥åŠã«ãªã£ãŠããã ãã§ãã ãããŠãã¯ããããžãã¹ã¯ååž°ãªãã§è¡ãããŠããŸããã
å¯èœæ§ãšããŠã¯ãããããããžã§ã¯ãå šäœã®äžå¿ã§ãã æãé£ããã£ãã®ã¯ãçŽäºã®ååšã®äºå®ã®æ±ºå®ãšãããã«å«ãŸãããã¹ãŠã®æ°åã®æ€çŽ¢ã§ããã ã解ããããã»ã¹ã¯ããããã®æ°åã§ã®ã¿éå§ã§ããŸãã ãããŠãè¡çªããããè¡çªã1ã€ãããªãéããã解ãã以å€ã®åããèš±å¯ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ããããªããšããã¹ãŠãå®å šã«æ··ä¹±ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã é£ãããããŸããã åªå é äœã圹ç«ã¡ãŸãã å°ãªããšã1ã€ã®åªå 移åãããå Žåãä»ã®ç§»åã¯å®è¡ã§ããŸããã ããã¯æãæ®éçãªã¡ã«ããºã ã§ã¯ãããŸããããæ©èœããŸãã
æ®ãã¯ç°¡åã§ãã ããã¿èŸŒã¿ãæ£ããå®è¡ããããšãããã»ã©é£ãããããŸããã Gregã¯ãªã³ã°ãããã¡ãŒãæäœããããã®ç¹å¥ãªé¢æ°ãèãåºããŸããããæ®å¿µãªããšã«ãç§ã¯ãããã䜿çšããŸããã§ããã ç¹°ãè¿ãé åãé åã®æåŸã«è¿œå ãããå€ãè¯ãããªãã¯ã¯ãŸã æ©èœããŸãã
: in-collision? ( -- ? ) FALSE 0 BEGIN DUP curr-size @ < IF DUP pos[] @ here = IF 2DROP TRUE 0 TRUE ELSE 1+ FALSE ENDIF ELSE TRUE ENDIF UNTIL DROP ; : pair-found? ( -- ? ) FALSE 0 BEGIN DUP empty-at? NOT OVER piece-type-at piece-type = AND IF DUP here <> IF DUP 0 pos[] @ = IF collision-size @ 0= IF curr-size @ collision-size ! ENDIF DROP ALL ELSE DUP to here curr-size @ pos[] ! curr-size ++ 2DROP TRUE ALL ENDIF ENDIF ENDIF 1+ DUP ALL >= UNTIL DROP ; : not-prev? ( -- ? ) curr-size @ 0> IF curr-size @ 1- pos[] @ here <> ELSE TRUE ENDIF ; : try-pos ( -- ) down DROP BEGIN here my-empty? NOT not-prev? AND IF here curr-size @ pos[] ! curr-size ++ pair-found? curr-size @ TOTAL < AND IF RECURSE curr-size -- ENDIF curr-size -- ENDIF to up NOT my-empty? OR collision-size @ 0> OR UNTIL ; : check-collision ( -- ) find-mark try-pos collision-size @ DUP 2 > verify curr-size ! from to in-collision? verify ;
å¯èœæ§ãšããŠã¯ãããããããžã§ã¯ãå šäœã®äžå¿ã§ãã æãé£ããã£ãã®ã¯ãçŽäºã®ååšã®äºå®ã®æ±ºå®ãšãããã«å«ãŸãããã¹ãŠã®æ°åã®æ€çŽ¢ã§ããã ã解ããããã»ã¹ã¯ããããã®æ°åã§ã®ã¿éå§ã§ããŸãã ãããŠãè¡çªããããè¡çªã1ã€ãããªãéããã解ãã以å€ã®åããèš±å¯ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ããããªããšããã¹ãŠãå®å šã«æ··ä¹±ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã é£ãããããŸããã åªå é äœã圹ç«ã¡ãŸãã å°ãªããšã1ã€ã®åªå 移åãããå Žåãä»ã®ç§»åã¯å®è¡ã§ããŸããã ããã¯æãæ®éçãªã¡ã«ããºã ã§ã¯ãããŸããããæ©èœããŸãã
{move-priorities {move-priority} high-priority {move-priority} normal-priority {move-priority} low-priority move-priorities} {moves p-drop {move} select-piece {move-type} high-priority {move} drop-half {move-type} normal-priority {move} drop-piece {move-type} normal-priority {move} Pass {move-type} low-priority moves} {pieces {piece} M {drops} p-drop {piece} x1 {piece} o1 {piece} x2 {piece} o2 {piece} x3 {piece} o3 {piece} x4 {piece} o4 {piece} x5 {piece} X1 1 {value} {piece} O1 1 {value} {piece} X2 2 {value} {piece} O2 2 {value} {piece} X3 3 {value} {piece} O3 3 {value} {piece} X4 4 {value} {piece} O4 4 {value} {piece} X5 5 {value} pieces}
æ®ãã¯ç°¡åã§ãã ããã¿èŸŒã¿ãæ£ããå®è¡ããããšãããã»ã©é£ãããããŸããã Gregã¯ãªã³ã°ãããã¡ãŒãæäœããããã®ç¹å¥ãªé¢æ°ãèãåºããŸããããæ®å¿µãªããšã«ãç§ã¯ãããã䜿çšããŸããã§ããã ç¹°ãè¿ãé åãé åã®æåŸã«è¿œå ãããå€ãè¯ãããªãã¯ã¯ãŸã æ©èœããŸãã
: add-position ( -- ) 0 BEGIN DUP here <> OVER empty-at? NOT AND IF DUP piece-type-at piece-type = OVER not-in-position? AND curr-size @ ALL < AND IF DUP curr-size @ pos[] ! curr-size ++ ENDIF ENDIF 1+ DUP ALL >= UNTIL DROP ; : mark-all ( player -- ) marked-player ! here curr-pos ! down DROP mr verify marked-player @ mark create-player-piece-type down DROP BEGIN empty? NOT here curr-pos @ <> AND piece-type mark > AND IF add-position ENDIF marked-player @ mark create-player-piece-type up NOT UNTIL ; : untangle ( -- ) 0 BEGIN DUP curr-size @ < IF DUP pos[] @ to player piece-type OVER mark-all down DROP bg verify DIM + create-player-piece-type 1+ FALSE ELSE TRUE ENDIF UNTIL DROP ;
ãã1ã€æªç¢ºèªã®åé¡ããããŸãã ãã¬ã€ã€ãŒã®1人ãã¯ãã¹ãŸãã¯ãŒãã®ã©ã€ã³ãæ§ç¯ãããšã²ãŒã ã¯çµäºããŸãïŒãã¡ãããããã¯éåžžã®äžç®äžŠã¹ã§ã¯éåžžã«ãŸãã§ãïŒã åè ã¯èª°ã§ããïŒ
ã¢ã©ã³ã»ãŽãã¯ãæ°åã®ç§»åã«äœ¿çšãããã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãåå©çšããããšãææ¡ããŠããŸãã ãããããããç·ããšã«ãæ倧ã®ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãèŠã€ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ãã®ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãæã€ãã®ãåè ã§ããããšãå€æããŸããã 圌ã®äœåã§ã¯ããšã³ãããŒãšã³ãã®ç§»åã®çªå·ä»ãïŒX1ãO2ãX3ã...ïŒã䜿çšããŠãããããã©ã€ã³ãããå Žåãåè ã¯åžžã«ãããªããŸãã å¥ã®çªå·ä»ãã¹ããŒã ã䜿çšããŠããããšã¯ç°¡åã«ããããŸããç§ã®å ŽåãåŒãåããåã³åŸãããŸãã
ãã€ãã³ããé¢ããçç±ã¯äœã§ããïŒ 2ã€ã®èæ ®äºé ã 第äžã«ããšã³ãããŒãšã³ãã®çªå·ä»ãã¹ããŒã ã¯ãæåã®ãã¬ãŒã€ãŒã«éåžžã«æ·±å»ãªå©ç¹ããããããŸãã ç§ã®æèŠã§ã¯ãã²ãŒã ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã¯ãããŒãç²åŸããä»®æ³çãªå¯èœæ§ãããã¯ããã«éèŠã§ãïŒã¯ã©ã³ã¿ã ããã¯ã¿ãã¯ããŒã§ã¯ããããŒã¯ãŸããªç¶æ³ã§ãïŒã ããã«éèŠãªããšã¯ããšã³ãããŒãšã³ãã®ãã³ããªã³ã°ïŒããã³é¢é£ããåè ã決å®ããæ¹æ³è«ïŒã¯ãã¯ã©ã³ã¿ã ã¢ãªã¹ã«ãšã£ãŠå®å šã«åãå ¥ãããããã®ã§ãããããã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»¥äžã§èª¬æããŸãã ããã§ã¯ãåãã¬ãŒã€ãŒã«ã¯3ã€ã®ããŒã¹ãããããŸããã
ã¿ããªãã³ã¹ïŒ
ã¢ãªã¹ãã³ã¹ã¯ãè±ferã®ååŒã«é¢é£ããå€ä»£ã®è±èªã®ç¿æ £ã§ãã ãã®è¡åã®ç²Ÿç¥ãæããã人ã¯ãããªãŒã»ãã©ãã§ããã«ãããå¬ã®è·äººãããå§ãããŸãã 圌ãã¯ããã§èžãã«ã€ããŠè©±ããããå¿ããïŒ ç§ãã¡ã®ç©èªã®äžéšãšããŠããã®ç¿æ £ãšäžäžãšãŒãããã§éåžžã«äººæ°ã®ããããŒãã²ãŒã ã®ãã¡ããªãŒå šäœãšã®é¢ä¿ãããéèŠã§ãã 家æã®æ幎å°ã®ã²ãŒã ïŒã äžäººã®èžã ãïŒã¯äžç®äžŠã¹ããæ¹åãããããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã§ãã å®éãããã¯ãã©ãã¯ã¹ãšã®ãŒã¹ãã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã¢ãªã©ã®åãã®ãã人ç©ãšåŸã®ã²ãŒã ãšã®éã®ãªã³ã¯ã§ã ã
ã²ãŒã ã®åºæ¬ã¯éåžžã«ã·ã³ãã«ãªã¢ã€ãã¢ã§ããäžåºŠã«åãäœãããšãã§ããªãã£ãå Žåã§ããæ¢ã«ã¬ã€ã¢ãŠããããããããé çªã«åããããšã§åã€ããšãã§ããŸãïŒ ç§»åããå Žæã確ä¿ããããã«ãåãã¬ãŒã€ãŒã¯3ã€ã®ããŒã¹ã®ã¿ã䜿çšããŸãïŒããã§ç·ãåŒãã®ã«ååã§ãïŒã ã ãã³ã¹ãªããã€ã³ã¡ã³ ããªã©ã®å®¶æã®å€ãã²ãŒã ã§ã¯ãåïŒããã«ãïŒãæ§ç¯ãããã¬ãŒã€ãŒã¯ããã§ã«ããŒãã«çœ®ãããŠããæµã®ããŒã¹ãå埩äžèœã«ãæœããæš©å©ãæã£ãŠããŸãã ç§ãã¡ã®å Žåãããããã®åŽã«3ã€ã®ããŒã¹ãããªãããããããã®ããããã®æ倱ã¯ç¡æ¡ä»¶ã®æåãæå³ããŸãã 2ã€ã®æ°åã§ã¯è¡ãäœæããã«ã¯äžååã§ãïŒ
ãããããã¯ã©ã³ã¿ã ã¢ãªã¹ããŸã§ã¯ããã1æ©ã§ãã ã人éã®æ»ã¯ãªãããšããåé¡ã¯ããéåäžç®äžŠã¹ãã§ã¯ããã»ã©æ·±å»ã§ã¯ãããŸããããã²ãŒã èªäœã¯ããŸãã«ãtooããŸãŸã§ãã ããŒã¹ã®æ°ã3ã€ïŒäž¡åŽïŒã«å¶éããããŒãã«çœ®ããŠãã移åãããšãã²ãŒã ãã䌞ã³ãã嚯楜ãšé©ããå¢ããŸãã
å°ããªãååã®åœ¢ç¶ãã ããåãããšã¯ç°¡åã«ããããŸãã ãŸããå³å šäœã2ã€ã®ååã®å³ã«ãåå²ããããã®ãã¡ã®1ã€ãå¥ã®äœçœ®ã«ç§»åããããšãã§ããŸãã 倧ããªå³ã移åããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ãQuantum Tic-Tac-Toeãã®ããã«ãã決å®è«çããªåãã®å¯èœæ§ããããŸãã 2ã€ã®ããŒããã¹ã1ã€ã®ã»ã«ã«ããã³ããããã ãã§ãªããäžæ¹ãä»æ¹ã«ç§»åããããšã§ãããŒãã·ã§ã€ãããçµåãã§ããŸãã ç§ã¯ãŸã ãã®ãããªåãã¯åŒ·ããããšæããã²ãŒã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®èŠ³ç¹ããããããçŠæ¢ããŠããŸãã
ã«ããŒãåŒãè£ã
ã°ã©ãã£ãã¯ãªãœãŒã¹ã®ãããã«å€æŽãããã»ããã䜿çšãã以åã®ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ã·ã§ããã®1ã€ãæ€èšããŠãã ããã ãã¹ãŠã®ç§å¯ãããã«æããã«ãªããŸãïŒ
ãããã®æ¿ãç·è²ã®åã¯ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éåžžã®æäœäžã¯èŠããªãè£å©å³ã§ãã 圌ãã¯äœã®ããã«ïŒ 2ã€ã®åãå«ãã»ã«ããå§ããŸãããã å³äžé ã«ããè£å©å³ã¯ããŒã«ãŒã§ãã 圌ã¯ãæåŸã®åããå®è¡ãããããŒãã®é åãããŒã¯ããŸãã ãã®äœçœ®ããã競åã®æ€çŽ¢ãéå§ã§ããŸãã 競åãããå Žåãããã«å«ãŸãããšãªã¢ã®1ã€ã確å®ã«ããŒã¯ãããŸãã ååãšããŠãããŒã«ãŒãªãã§è¡ãããšã¯å¯èœã§ããããã§ã«è€éãªè¡çªæ€çŽ¢ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãè€éã«ããããããŸããã§ããã æããã«ããã®ã»ã«ã¯å®å šã«å®å šã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã ããŒãã®åé åã«ã¯ã8åãŸã§ã®å°çãå«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
äžå¿ã®åã¯ãããèå³æ·±ããªããžã§ã¯ãã§ãã å®éã«ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹ãä»ããŠããŒã¹ãããããïŒ drop ïŒãããå Žæã§ã¯ãªããå°ããªããŒã¹ãããŒãã»ã«ã«é çªã«è¿œå ãããŸãã ãããã£ãŠããªã»ãããããã®ã¯å³åœ¢ãã®ãã®ã§ã¯ãªããè£å©çãªäžå¯èŠããŒã«ãŒã§ãã ãªã圌ã¯åé€ãããªãã®ã§ããïŒ ã²ãŒã ã¯2æã®ããŒãïŒ grid ïŒã䜿çšããŸãã 9x9ã§ã¯å°ããªæçãã3x3ã§ã¯å€§ããªæçãä¿åãããŸãã ãªã»ããå¯èœãªããŒã«ãŒãåé€ãããšãæ¡å€§ããŒãäžã®ç»åãç Žå£ãããŸãã ãããªã§ã¯ãç»åããŸã ç Žå£ãããŠããããšã瀺ãããŠããŸãïŒå€§ããªæ°åãåå²ããå ŽåïŒãããã®å¹æã¯çåœã§ãã ããã«ãç§ã¯ããã§äœãã§ããŸããã
æãããããã®ã¯ã倧ããªæ°åã®ãã1ã€ã®ãšãªã¢ã«ãã9ã€ã®åãæå®ããããšã§ãã ããã§ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹ã®ã³ã¹ããæ±ããŸãã 9x9ããŒãã®ã»ã«ã¯å€§ããªã°ãªããã®äžã«ãããã»ãŒå®å šã«ãã®åœ¢ç¶ã«éãªããŸãã Morrisã®ã²ãŒã ã§ã¯ãããŒã¹ã移åããå¿ èŠããããŸãã 倧ããªãã®ãå«ããïŒåæã«åå²ãçºçããïŒã ããããå³åœ¢ã移åããã«ã¯ãããŠã¹ã§ããããããã¯ãã§ããå¿ èŠãããã3x3ã°ãªããäžã®å³åœ¢ã®å Žåãããã¯éåžžã«åé¡ã§ãïŒããšããã®äžã«å³åœ¢ããªããŠãïŒã ããã³ãã«ããè¿œå ããŠã倧ããªéšåãåå²ã§ããããã«åŒã£åŒµãå¿ èŠããããŸããã
ãããã®æ¿ãç·è²ã®åã¯ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®éåžžã®æäœäžã¯èŠããªãè£å©å³ã§ãã 圌ãã¯äœã®ããã«ïŒ 2ã€ã®åãå«ãã»ã«ããå§ããŸãããã å³äžé ã«ããè£å©å³ã¯ããŒã«ãŒã§ãã 圌ã¯ãæåŸã®åããå®è¡ãããããŒãã®é åãããŒã¯ããŸãã ãã®äœçœ®ããã競åã®æ€çŽ¢ãéå§ã§ããŸãã 競åãããå Žåãããã«å«ãŸãããšãªã¢ã®1ã€ã確å®ã«ããŒã¯ãããŸãã ååãšããŠãããŒã«ãŒãªãã§è¡ãããšã¯å¯èœã§ããããã§ã«è€éãªè¡çªæ€çŽ¢ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãè€éã«ããããããŸããã§ããã æããã«ããã®ã»ã«ã¯å®å šã«å®å šã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã ããŒãã®åé åã«ã¯ã8åãŸã§ã®å°çãå«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
äžå¿ã®åã¯ãããèå³æ·±ããªããžã§ã¯ãã§ãã å®éã«ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹ãä»ããŠããŒã¹ãããããïŒ drop ïŒãããå Žæã§ã¯ãªããå°ããªããŒã¹ãããŒãã»ã«ã«é çªã«è¿œå ãããŸãã ãããã£ãŠããªã»ãããããã®ã¯å³åœ¢ãã®ãã®ã§ã¯ãªããè£å©çãªäžå¯èŠããŒã«ãŒã§ãã ãªã圌ã¯åé€ãããªãã®ã§ããïŒ ã²ãŒã ã¯2æã®ããŒãïŒ grid ïŒã䜿çšããŸãã 9x9ã§ã¯å°ããªæçãã3x3ã§ã¯å€§ããªæçãä¿åãããŸãã ãªã»ããå¯èœãªããŒã«ãŒãåé€ãããšãæ¡å€§ããŒãäžã®ç»åãç Žå£ãããŸãã ãããªã§ã¯ãç»åããŸã ç Žå£ãããŠããããšã瀺ãããŠããŸãïŒå€§ããªæ°åãåå²ããå ŽåïŒãããã®å¹æã¯çåœã§ãã ããã«ãç§ã¯ããã§äœãã§ããŸããã
æãããããã®ã¯ã倧ããªæ°åã®ãã1ã€ã®ãšãªã¢ã«ãã9ã€ã®åãæå®ããããšã§ãã ããã§ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹ã®ã³ã¹ããæ±ããŸãã 9x9ããŒãã®ã»ã«ã¯å€§ããªã°ãªããã®äžã«ãããã»ãŒå®å šã«ãã®åœ¢ç¶ã«éãªããŸãã Morrisã®ã²ãŒã ã§ã¯ãããŒã¹ã移åããå¿ èŠããããŸãã 倧ããªãã®ãå«ããïŒåæã«åå²ãçºçããïŒã ããããå³åœ¢ã移åããã«ã¯ãããŠã¹ã§ããããããã¯ãã§ããå¿ èŠãããã3x3ã°ãªããäžã®å³åœ¢ã®å Žåãããã¯éåžžã«åé¡ã§ãïŒããšããã®äžã«å³åœ¢ããªããŠãïŒã ããã³ãã«ããè¿œå ããŠã倧ããªéšåãåå²ã§ããããã«åŒã£åŒµãå¿ èŠããããŸããã
ãQuantum Tic-Tac-Toeãã¯ãããããçæ³çã§ã¯ãªããéåååŠã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ã®éåžžã«æåããäŸã§ãã ãã®ã²ãŒã ã¯æ³šç®ãéããŠããŸãã ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®ã³ã³ãã¹ãã§äœ¿çšããããã®ãããã¯ã«é¢ãã質åã¯StackExchangeã«å®æçã«è¡šç€ºãããŸã ã çŸåšããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®å®è£ ãèŠã€ããããšã¯é£ãããããŸããã AndroidãšiOSã®äž¡æ¹ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠããŸãã ç¹ã«ãã£ãã¡ãªäººã¯ã WebããŒã¹ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ããçŽæ¥ãã¬ã€ã§ããŸã ã ãã¯ã©ã³ã¿ã ãã²ãŒã ã®ã»ããã¯ããäžç®äžŠã¹ãã«éå®ãããŸããã ããŒãã¹ãšããŠã ãã®ã²ãŒã ããå§ãããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãã¹ãŠéææ¥ãäž»ãïŒ