ææã¯3æ³ã§ãããããã§ãé¢é£ããŠããŸã...
ãã³ã©ã¹ã»ã«ãŒã Googleã¯ç§ãã¡ãæãã«ããŠããŸããïŒ ïŒå€§è¥¿æŽã2008幎7æ/ 8æïŒ
翻蚳ïŒã¢ãªãŒãã»ã¬ãã·ã¥ãã
ããã€ãããããŠïŒ ã¯ãããããŠïŒ åŸ ã£ãŠããã€ãïŒ æ¢ããããŸããïŒãã¹ã¿ã³ãªãŒãã¥ãŒããªãã¯ã®2001幎ã®æ ç»ãå®å®ã®æ ãã®æåã§ç°åžžã«åçãªã·ãŒã³ã§ãå解ã§ããªãå®å®é£è¡å£«ã®ãã€ãããŒãã³ã®HALã¹ãŒããŒã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã蚎ããŸãã 誀åäœããŠããæ©æ¢°ãå®å®ã®æ·±éšã§æ»åã宣åããããŠãã³ã¯ã人工ç¥èœã調ç¯ããèšæ¶åè·¯ãéãã«å·ãããªãã«ããŸãã ããã€ããç§ã®å¿ã¯ååšããŸãããšHALã¯å€ç¬ã«èšããŸãã ãæããŸãã æããŸããã
ç§ãæããŸãã æ°å¹Žåãç§ã¯èª°ããŸãã¯äœããç§ã®è³ãæããç¥çµç³»ãåæ§æããèšæ¶ãåããã°ã©ãã³ã°ããŠãããšããé©ãã¹ãèããæã£ãŠããŸããã
å°ãªããšãç§ã«ã¯ããæããªã-ç§ã¯ç§ã®å¿ã倱ã£ãŠãããšããããã§ã¯ãããŸãã-ããããããã¯å€åããŠããŸãã ç§ã¯ãã€ãŠèããŠããæ¹æ³ãšã¯æããªãã ããã¯èªæžäžã«æãæããããŸãã
æ¬ãé·ãèšäºã«é£ã³èŸŒãåã¯ç°¡åã§ããã ç§ã®å¿ã¯ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ããã©ããè°è«ã®é çªãå€ããŠãèšå€§ãªããã¹ããæ©ããŠäœæéãéããããšãã§ããŸããã ãããåã³çºçããå¯èœæ§ã¯äœãã§ãã ä»ã§ã¯ããã£ã2ã3ããŒãžã§éäžåã倱ããŸãã ç§ã¯hæããæšè«ã®ã¹ã¬ããã倱ããä»ã«äœããã¹ãããæ¢ãå§ããŸãã äžæ©å«ãªè³ãããã¹ãã«æ»ãããæ°ãããŸãã èªç¶ã§ãã£ãææ ®æ·±ããçå£ãªèªæžã¯åé¡ã«ãªããŸããã
ç§ã¯äœãèµ·ãã£ãŠãããç¥ã£ãŠãããšæããŸãã 10幎以äžãç§ã¯ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§å€ãã®æéãè²»ãããæ å ±ãæ€çŽ¢ãããµã€ãéã移åããæã«ã¯å·šå€§ãªã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã«äœããè¿œå ããŸãã
ãŠã§ãã¯äœå®¶ãšããŠã®ç§ã«ãšã£ãŠã®çºèŠã§ãã æžåºãå³æžé€šã§äœæ¥ãããã£ãŠãããã®ç 究ã¯ãä»ã§ã¯æ°åã§å®äºããŠããŸãã ããã€ãã®Googleã¯ãšãªããã€ããŒãªã³ã¯ã®ã¯ãªãã¯-äºå®ãŸãã¯æå³ã®ããåŒçšãçšæãããŠããŸãã ä»äºãããªããŠãããããäœå幎ãç¶ããŠããªããã°ãåãåã³ã§ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã«è¡ããŸãã
ã¡ãŒã«ãèªãã ãæžããããèŠåºããããã°ã®æçš¿ãèŠããããããªãèŠãŠããããã£ã¹ããèããããåã«ãªã³ã¯ãããªã³ã¯ãžãšç§»åãããããŸãã ïŒæã æ··åãããããšãããè泚ãšã¯ç°ãªãããã€ããŒãªã³ã¯ã¯ããã«é¢é£ããäœæ¥ã瀺ãã ãã§ãªãããããããããªããå°ããŸãïŒã
ç§ã«ãšã£ãŠãä»ã®å€ãã®äººãšåæ§ã«ããããã¯ãŒã¯ã¯ãèŠèŠãšèŽèŠãéããŠè³ã«äŒããã»ãšãã©ã®æ å ±ã®ãã£ãã«ã§ããæ®éçãªåªäœã«ãªãã€ã€ãããŸãã ãã®ãããªä¿¡ããããªãã»ã©è±å¯ãªæ å ±ãžã®å³æã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã®å©ç¹ã¯å€æ°ããããããã¯ãã§ã«åºã説æãããé©åã«è©äŸ¡ãããŠããŸãã ãã·ãªã³ã³ã¡ã¢ãªã®çµ¶å¯Ÿçãªçµããããšãã¯ã©ã€ããã³ããœã³ã¯Wiredèªã«æ¬¡ã®ããã«æžããŠããŸãã ãããããã®åå£ã«ã¯äŸ¡æ ŒããããŸãã
ã¡ãã£ã¢çè«å®¶ã®ããŒã·ã£ã«ã»ãã¯ã«ãŒãã³ã1960幎代ã«ææããããã«ãã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯åãªãååçãªæ å ±ãã£ãã«ã§ã¯ãããŸããã æèææãäŸçµŠããŸãããæèããã»ã¹èªäœã圢æããŸãã ãããŠãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¯éäžããŠçèããç§ã®èœåãæå¶ããŠããããã§ãã ä»ãç§ã®è³ã¯ããããã¯ãŒã¯ããããåºããã®ãšåãæ¹æ³ã§ãã€ãŸããæ¥éã«ç§»åããç²åã®æµãã§æ å ±ãåãåãããšãæåŸ ããŠããŸãã ãã€ãŠç§ã¯èšèã®æµ·ã§ã¹ãã¥ãŒããã€ããŒã§ããã ä»ãç§ã¯ã¢ãŒã¿ãŒããŒãã«ä¹ã£ãç·ã®ããã«è¡šé¢ãã¹ã¯ããŒã«ããŠããŸãã
èãæ¹ãšããŠã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯
ãããŠãç§ã¯äžäººã§ã¯ãããŸããã ç§ãèªãã§ããåé¡ãå人ãç¥äººã«è©±ããšãã圌ãã®ã»ãšãã©ã¯äœå®¶ã§ããã圌ãã®å€ãã¯ãã®ãããªããšã«æ°ã¥ããŠãããšèšããŸãã Webã䜿çšããã°ããã»ã©ãé·ãããã¹ãã«æ³šæãæããããåŸãªããªããŸãã ç§ãèªãã äžéšã®ããã¬ãŒããã®çŸè±¡ã«æ°ä»ãå§ããŸããã ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã¡ãã£ã¢ã«é¢ããããã°ãéå¶ããŠããã¹ã³ãããã£ããã¯æè¿ãæ¬ãèªãã®ãå®å šã«ãããããšãèªããŸããã ãç§ã¯æ¬ç©ã®æ¬ã®è«ã§ãã倧åŠã®èªæžéåæ°ã®äžäººã§ããããšåœŒã¯æžããã ããããŠãäœãèµ·ãã£ãã®ã§ããããïŒã
å»åŠã§ã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®äœ¿çšã«ã€ããŠããã°ã§å®æçã«æžããŠãããã«ãŒã¹ã»ããªãŒããã³ã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã圌ã®ç²Ÿç¥ç¿æ £ã«ã©ã®ããã«åœ±é¿ãããã«ã€ããŠã話ããŸããã ããŠã§ããšå°å·ç©ã®äž¡æ¹ã§ãé·ãèšäºãèªãã§åžåããèœåãå®è³ªçã«å€±ã£ãããšåœŒã¯æžããã ãã·ã¬ã³å€§åŠå»åŠéšã§é·å¹ŽæããŠããç çåŠè ã®ããªãŒããã³ã¯ãç§ãšé»è©±ã§äŒè©±ãç¶ããŸããã 圌ã®èãã¯ãã¹ã¿ãã«ãŒãã®ããã«ãªã£ãããšåœŒã¯èšããŸãã
ãæŠäºãšå¹³åã¯ããèªããŸããããšåœŒã¯èšããŸãã ããã®èœåã倱ããŸããã 3éšãŸãã¯4éšä»¥äžã§æ§æãããããã°æçš¿ã§ããç°¡åã«é£²ã¿èŸŒãããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ãã®å Žåãç§ã¯åœŒãæããã§ããããã
ãã®ãããªè©±ã¯ããŸã説åŸåããããŸããã ç§ãã¡ã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããèªç¥èœåã«ã©ã®ããã«åœ±é¿ããããå®éã«æãç¥çµåŠçããã³å¿çåŠçå®éšããŸã åŸ ã£ãŠããŸãã ããããæè¿å ¬éããããã³ãã³å€§åŠãŠãããŒã·ãã£ã«ã¬ããžã®ç§åŠè ã«ããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããæ€çŽ¢ã®ç¿æ £ã«é¢ããç 究ã¯ãæèãšèªæžã®ç¿æ £ã®å®å šãªå€æã®éäžã«ããå¯èœæ§ãããããšã瀺ããŠããŸãã 5幎éã®ç 究ããã°ã©ã ã§ãç§åŠè ã¯2ã€ã®äººæ°ã®ããæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ããã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¢ã¯ãã£ããã£ããŒã¿ãåæããŸãã.1ã€ã¯å€§è±å³æžé€šããã1ã€ã¯è±åœã®æè²ã³ã³ãœãŒã·ã¢ã ã«ãã£ãŠéå¶ãããŠãããã©ã¡ããéèªèšäºãé»åæžç±ããã®ä»ã®æžé¢ã«ããæ å ±æºãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãæäŸããŸãã ãããã®ãµã€ãã䜿çšãã人ã ã¯ããããªãœãŒã¹ããå¥ã®ãªãœãŒã¹ã«ãžã£ã³ãããæ¢ã«èšªãããµã€ãã«æ»ãããšã¯ãã£ãã«ãªããæ¥ãã§ãã掻åãã®åœ¢æ ã®1ã€ã瀺ããããšãå€æããŸããã 圌ãã¯éåžžãå¥ã®ãµã€ãã«ãžã£ã³ãããåã«1ã2ããŒãžããèªãŸãªãã é·ãããã¹ããä¿åããããšããããŸãããããã¯ããããèªãŸããããšãä¿èšŒãããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã 調æ»å ±åæžã®èè ïŒ
æããã«ã人ã ã¯éåžžã®æå³ã§ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§èªãããšã¯ãããŸããã æ°ããçš®é¡ã®ãèªæžããåºçŸããŠããããšã瀺ãå åããã¹ãŠãããŸãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ãã°ããããæãã«ãèŠåºããããŒãžã®ã³ã³ãã³ããåŒçšã衚瀺ããŸãã ããã¯ãå®éã«ã¯åŸæ¥ã®èªæžãé¿ããããã«ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã«ãªãããšãæå³ããŸãã
SMSã®äººæ°ã¯èšããŸã§ããªããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããäžã§ã®ããã¹ãã®åºç¯å²ãªé åžã®ãããã§ããã¬ããç§ãã¡ãéžæã§ããå¯äžã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ã§ãã£ã1970幎代ããã³80幎代ãããå€ããèªãããšãã§ããŸãã ããããç§ãã¡ã¯ãã§ã«å¥ã®ã¿ã€ãã®èªæžãæ€èšããŠããŸãããã®èåŸã«ã¯å¥ã®ã¿ã€ãã®æèãååšããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãç§ãã¡ã¯èªãã ãã®ã ãã§ã¯ãããŸããããšã¿ãã倧åŠã®å¿çåŠè ã§ããããã«ãŒã¹ããšã€ã«ã®èè ãèªæžè³ã®æŽå²ãšç§åŠã®ããªã¢ã³ã»ãŠã«ãã¯èšããŸãã ãç§ãã¡ã¯èªã¿æ¹ã§ããã
ãŠã«ãã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããæäŸããèªæžã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãäž»ã«å¿çæ§ãšå³ææ§ã«äŸåããã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãããã¬ã¹æè¡ãåºãæ®åããæ代ããååšããŠããç§ãã¡ã®ææ ®æ·±ãèªæžèœåã匱ãããããããªããšå¿é ããŠããŸãã ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§èªããšããç§ãã¡ã¯ãåãªãæ å ±ãã³ãŒããŒãã«ãªãåŸåããããšåœŒå¥³ã¯èšããŸãã ããã¹ãã解éããã»ãã³ãã£ãã¯ãªæ¥ç¶ãæ§ç¯ããèœåïŒæ³šæããããããŠããªããšãã«ãææ ®æ·±ãèªæžã§èµ·ããããã«ïŒã¯ãããã»ã©äœ¿çšãããŸããã
èªãããšã¯æ¬èœã§ã¯ãªãããšãŠã«ãã¯èª¬æããã 話ãèœåã®ããã«ãéºäŒåã«åºæã®ãã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã ç§ãã¡ã¯ãç解ããŠããèšèªã§èŠããããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒãèªèããããã«å¿ã«æããªããã°ãªããŸããã
ãŸããã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯ãèªæžãªã©ã®æè¡ã®ç 究ãšå®è·µã§äœ¿çšããä»ã®æè¡ãšåæ§ã«ãè³å ã®ç¥çµåè·¯ã®åœ¢æã«éèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŸãã å®éšã¯ãè¡šæçèšè¿°ã䜿çšãã人ïŒããšãã°ãäžåœäººã®éïŒã®èªæžã®å¿çããèšèªãã¢ã«ãã¡ãããã«åºã¥ããŠãã人ã®ãããšã¯éåžžã«ç°ãªãããšã瀺ããŠããŸãã å€åã¯ãèšæ¶ãèŠèŠããã³èŽèŠåºæ¿ã®è§£éãªã©ã®èªç¶ãªèªç¥æ©èœãå¶åŸ¡ãããã®ãå«ããå€ãã®è³é åã«ãŸã§åã³ãŸãã ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®åœ±é¿äžã§äœ¿çšããããã¿ãŒã³ã¯ãäžè¬çã«å°å·ãããåèªã®æ¬ãèªããšãã«çãããã¿ãŒã³ãšã¯ç°ãªããšæ³å®ã§ããŸãã
ã¿ã€ãã©ã€ã¿ãŒãããŒãã§ã®ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã«ã©ã®ããã«åœ±é¿ããã
1882幎ãããªãŒããªãããŒãã§ã¯ã¿ã€ãã©ã€ã¿ãŒ-æ£ç¢ºã«ã¯ããªã³ã°ãã³ã»ã³ãè³Œå ¥ããŸããã 圌ã®èŠåã¯æªåããããŒãžã«ç®ãåããããšã¯å°é£ã§èŠçã«ãªããã²ã©ãé çã«ã€ãªãããŸããã 圌ã¯æžãããšãå°ãªãããªããã°ãªããªãã£ãïŒåœŒã¯ããã«ãããå®å šã«æŸæ£ããªããã°ãªããªããªãã®ã§ã¯ãªãããšããæããŠããã å°ãªããšããã°ããã®éãæ©æ¢°ã¯åœŒãæã£ãã 圌ã¯ããã©ã€ã³ããã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãåŠã³ãç®ãéããŠããŠãæå ã ãã䜿ã£ãŠæžãããšãã§ããŸããã èããèšèãåã³ããŒãžã«æµã蟌ãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãããããã·ã³ã¯åœŒã®åŽåã«åœ±é¿ãäžããŸããã ããŒãã§ã®å人ã®1人-äœæ²å®¶-ã¯ã圌ã®å·çã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®å€åã«æ°ä»ããŸããã 圌ã®ãã§ã«å§çž®ãããæ£æã¯ãããã«å³ãããé»ä¿¡çã«ãããªããŸããã ãããããããã®ããŒã«ã䜿çšããŠæ°ããèšèªãç¿åŸããããšããã§ããŸãããšå人ã¯æçŽã«æžããŠãèªåã®äœåã§ã¯ãé³æ¥œçãªæèãšèšèªã¯ãã³ãšçŽã®å質ã«äŸåããããšãå€ãããšè¿°ã¹ãŸããã
ãããªãã®èšããšããã§ãããšããŒãã§ã¯çããŸããããç§ãã¡ã®çèšçšå ·ãç§ãã¡ã®èãã圢äœã£ãŠããŸããã ã¿ã€ãã©ã€ã¿ãŒã®åœ±é¿ãåãããã€ãã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ç 究è ããªãŒããªããã»ããã©ãŒã¯ããŒãã§ã®æ£æã§ãæ Œèšã¯èšèã®çœ®ãæããèšèéã³-åçãé»å ±ã¹ã¿ã€ã«-ã¬ããªãã¯ããšæžããŠããã
人éã®è³ã¯ç¡éã«æè»ã§ãã 人ã ã¯ãé è骚å ã«ããçŽ1,000ååã®ãã¥ãŒãã³ã®è³ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãã幎霢ã®å°æ¥ã«ãã£ãŠãã§ã«å®å šã«åœ¢æãããŠãããšä¿¡ããŠããŸããã ããããè³ã®ç 究è ã¯ãããããã§ã¯ãªãããšãçºèŠããŸããã ã¯ã©ã¹ããé«çç 究æã®ç¥çµåŠææã§ãããžã§ãŒã ã¹ã»ãªãŒã«ãã¯ãæçããå¿ã§ããéåžžã«å¯å¡çã§ãããšèšããŸãã ç¥çµçŽ°èã¯å®æçã«å€ãæ¥ç¶ãåæããæ°ããæ¥ç¶ã圢æããŸãã ãè³ã«ã¯ããã®å Žã§èªåèªèº«ãåããã°ã©ãã³ã°ããæ©èœãå€ããèœåãããããšãªãŒã«ãã¯ä¿¡ããŠããã
瀟äŒåŠè ã®ãããšã«ã»ãã«ããã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ãæè¡ããšåŒãã§ãããã®ã䜿çšããŠãããããç©ççã§ã¯ãªã粟ç¥çãªå¯èœæ§ãé«ããããŒã«ã§ãããããå¿ ç¶çã«åœ±é¿ãåããŸãã
14äžçŽã«äžè¬çã«äœ¿çšãããŠããæ©æ¢°åŒæèšã¯èª¬åŸåã®ããäŸã§ãã ãã¯ããã¯ãšææã§ãæŽå²å®¶ããã³æåè©è«å®¶ã®ã«ã€ã¹ã»ãã³ãã©ãŒãã¯ãæèšããæ¥åžžç掻ããæéãåé¢ããæ°åŠçã«æž¬å®å¯èœãªã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã®ç¬ç«ããäžçãžã®ä¿¡é Œãäœãåºãã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã£ããæ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸãã åå²ãããæéã®çè«çæ çµã¿ã¯ãè¡åãšæèã®äž¡æ¹ã®åºæºç¹ã«ãªããŸããã
æŽç¶ãšããã«ãã«ãé³ãç«ãŠãããšã¯ç§åŠçãªå¿ããã³ç§åŠçãªäººã«çåœããããããã ããããäœãã奪ãããŸããã 1976幎ã®èæžãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®åãšäººéã®å¿ïŒå€æããèšç®ãžãã§èª¬æããããã«ãã¯ããã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã®éçºã«ãã£ãŠçãŸããäžçã®æŠå¿µã§ããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒç§åŠè ãžã§ã»ããŽã¡ã€ãŒã³ããŠã ã¯ãã以åã®æ¢åã®ãã®ã®åãæšãŠãããããŒãžã§ã³ã®ãŸãŸã§ããæ¬åœã«ç¢ºç«ãããå€ãçŸå®ã®åºç€ãšãªã£ãçŽæ¥çãªçµéšãã é£äºãããæéãä»äºãããæéãå¯ãæéãèµ·åºããæéã決ãããšããç§ãã¡ã¯èªåã®ææ ãèãã®ããããæèšã«åŸãããã«ãªããŸããã
æ°ããã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ããã¯ãããžãŒãžã®é©å¿ã®ããã»ã¹ã¯ãèªåèªèº«ãžã®èª¬æã«æ £ããŠããã¡ã¿ãã¡ãŒã®å€åã«çŸããŠããŸãã æ©æ¢°åŒæèšãç»å Žãããšãã人ã ã¯è³ããæèšã®ãããªãã¡ã«ããºã ãšèãå§ããŸããã ä»æ¥ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®æ代ã«ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ãããªã·ã¹ãã ãšããŠãããæ瀺ããããšã«æ £ããŠããŸãã ããããå€åã¯ãç¥çµç§åŠãç§ãã¡ã«èšã£ãŠããããã«ããã®æ¯phorããéåžžã«é ãé¢ããŠããŸãã ç§ãã¡ã®è³ã®å¯å¡æ§ã«ãããé©å¿ã¯çç©åŠçã¬ãã«ã§èµ·ãããŸãã
ãã¹ãŠãæ¶è²»ããã¡ãã£ã¢
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¯äººéã®æèã«åºç¯å²ã«åœ±é¿ãäžããŠããããã§ãã 1936幎ã«åºçãããäœåã§ãè±åœã®æ°åŠè ã¢ã©ã³ã»ãã¥ãŒãªã³ã°ã¯ããã€ãŠã¯çè«çéçºã®ã¿ã代衚ããŠããããžã¿ã«ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒããä»ã®æ å ±åŠçè£ çœ®ã®æ©èœãå®è¡ããããã«ããã°ã©ã ã§ãããšæžããŸããã ãããŠãä»æ¥ã¯äœãèŠããŸããïŒ å šèœã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã·ã¹ãã ã§ããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¯ãä»ã®ã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ããã¯ãããžãŒã®ã»ãšãã©ãçµã¿åãããŠããŸãã ããã¯ç§ãã¡ã®ã«ãŒããšæèšããã¬ã¹ãšã¿ã€ãã©ã€ã¿ãŒãé»åãšé»è©±ãã©ãžãªãšãã¬ãã«ãªããŸãã
World Wide Webã¯ã¡ãã£ã¢ãåžåããã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®å身ã§åäœæãããŸãã ã¡ãã£ã¢ã³ã³ãã³ãã¯ããã€ããŒãªã³ã¯ãç¹æ» ãããããŒããã®ä»ã®ããžã¿ã«è£ èº«å ·ã§ãã£ã±ãã§ãã ããšãã°ãææ°ã®ãã¥ãŒã¹ã衚瀺ãããšãæ°ããé»åã¡ãŒã«ã¡ãã»ãŒãžã§å°çãéç¥ã§ããŸãã ãã®çµæãããã¯æ³šæãåæ£ãããæ¿åºŠãèžçºããŸãã
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®åœ±é¿ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã¢ãã¿ãŒã®å¶éã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã 人éã®è³ããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã¡ãã£ã¢ã®ãã«ãã«åŸã ã«é©å¿ããã«ã€ããŠãåŸæ¥ã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯æ°ããèŠèŽè ã®æåŸ ã«é©å¿ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ãã¬ãçªçµã¯é£ç¶ããè¡ãè¿œå ãããããã¢ãããéèªãæ°èã¯èšäºãã«ããããç°¡åãªèŠçŽãæçš¿ããèªã¿ãããæ å ±ã§ããŒãžãåããŸãã
2008幎3æãNew York Timesãåå·ã®2ããŒãžç®ãš3ããŒãžç®ãèšäºã®æç²ã«è²»ããããšã決å®ãããšããæ°èã®ãã¶ã€ã³ãã£ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒã§ããTom Bodkinã¯ããã«ããããæ¥ãã§ããèªè ã«ãã®æ¥ã®ãã¥ãŒã¹ããã°ããç解ããå¹æçãªãããŒãžãå®éã«ããããè³æãèªãæ¹æ³ã å€ãã¡ãã£ã¢ã«ã¯ãæ°ããã¡ãã£ã¢ã®ã«ãŒã«ã«åŸã£ãŠãã¬ã€ãã以å€ã®éžæè¢ã¯ãããŸããã
ä»æ¥ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®ããã«ãéä¿¡ã·ã¹ãã ãç§ãã¡ã®ç掻ã§ããã»ã©å€§ããªåœ¹å²ãæãããããšã¯ãããŸããã§ããã ããã«ãããããããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã«ã€ããŠæžããããã¹ãŠã®äžã§ãã©ã®ããã«ãããåããã°ã©ã ããããšããããšã¯ã»ãšãã©ãããŸããã ãããã¯ãŒã¯åãããç¥çå«çã¯äŸç¶ãšããŠäžæã§ãã
Googleãšæ°ãããã€ã©ãŒäž»çŸ©
ããŒãã§ãã¿ã€ãã©ã€ã¿ãŒã䜿ãå§ãããšãããã¬ããªãã¯ã»ãŠã£ã³ã¹ã©ãŒã»ãã€ã©ãŒãšããåã®è¥è ããã£ã©ãã«ãã£ã¢ã®è£œéæã«ã¹ããããŠã©ãããæã¡èŸŒã¿ãå·¥å ŽåŽåè ã®å¹çãæ¹åããããšãç®çãšããäžé£ã®å®éšãå§ããŸããã äŒæ¥ã®ææè ã®åæãåŸãŠã圌ã¯åŽåè ã®ã°ã«ãŒããåéããããŸããŸãªéå±å å·¥æ©æ¢°ã«å ¥ããŠãããããã®è¡åã®æéãšæ©æ¢°æäœãèšé²ããã³èšé²ããŸããã ãã€ã©ãŒã¯ãåã¯ãŒã¯ãããŒãäžé£ã®å°ããªåå¥ã®ã¹ãããã«ç Žæ£ããããããå®äºããããã®å¯èœãªæ¹æ³ããã¹ãããåŸããã¹ãŠã®äœæ¥è ãå®è¡ããæ£ç¢ºãªæ瀺ã®ã»ããïŒä»æ¥èšãã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ïŒãäœæããŸããã ããããŠã©ãŒã«ãŒã¯æ°äœå¶ã®å³ããã«æããå·¥äœæ©æ¢°ã®ã¬ãã«ã«å±èŸ±ãäžãããšäž»åŒµããããå·¥å Žã®çç£æ§ã¯æ¥äžæããã
èžæ°ãšã³ãžã³ã®çºæãã1äžçŽä»¥äžãçµã¡ãç£æ¥é©åœã¯ã€ãã«ãã®å²åŠãšå²åŠè ãèŠåºããŸããã ãã€ã©ãŒã®å³æ Œãªç£æ¥æ¯ä»â圌ã®ãã·ã¹ãã ããšåŒã°ãã圌ã®ãã·ã¹ãã ãã¯ãå šåœã®ãããã¥ãŒãµãŒã«åãå ¥ãããããã°ããããŠäžçäžã§åãå ¥ããããŸããã æé«é床ãæ倧å¹çãçç£æ§ãæ±ããŠãå·¥å Žã®ææè ã¯åœŒã®ç 究ã䜿çšããŠäœæ¥ããã»ã¹ãæŽçããŸããã ç®æšã¯ããã€ã©ãŒã1911幎ã®æåãªè«æãç§åŠç管çã®ååãã§å®çŸ©ããŠããããã«ãåã¿ã€ãã®äœæ¥ãå®è¡ããããã®æåã®æ¹æ³ãç¹å®ããŠæ¿èªããããã«ãã£ãŠãç§åŠãåŸã ã«å®è·µçãªæ©æ¢°çææ³ã«çœ®ãæãããããšã§ãã
ããæ¥ã圌ã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯èäœåŽåã®ãã¹ãŠã®ããã»ã¹ã«é©çšããããã€ã©ãŒã¯åœŒã®ä¿¡è ã«ä¿èšŒããŸãããããã¯ç£æ¥ã ãã§ãªã瀟äŒã®åæ§ç¯ã«ã€ãªããã絶察çãªå¹çã®ãŠãŒããã¢ãäœæããŸãã ãéå»ã«ã¯ã人éãæåã§ããããšåœŒã¯ç¢ºä¿¡ããã ãå°æ¥ãæåã®ãã®ã¯ã·ã¹ãã ã§ããã
ãã€ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ã®å€§éšåã¯ãŸã æ®ã£ãŠããŸãã ããã¯ãŸã å·¥æ¥çç£ã®å«çã®ãŸãŸã§ãã ãããŠä»ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒãšã³ãžãã¢ãšãœãããŠã§ã¢ããã°ã©ããŒãç§ãã¡ã®ç¥çç掻ãæã«å ¥ããŠããåã®ãããã§ããã€ã©ãŒã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ã¯å¿ã®é åãå¶åŸ¡ããã®ãšåããããæåããŠããŸãã
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¯ãæ å ±ãå¹ççãã€èªåçã«åéãéä¿¡ãæäœããããã«èšèšããããã·ã³ã§ãããããã°ã©ãã®å€§éšåã¯ããæèããšè¡šçŸããããã«äœ¿çšãããå粟ç¥éåãå®è¡ããããã®ãæè¯ã®æ¹æ³ã-å®ç§ãªã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãæ¢ããŠããŸãã
ã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢å·ããŠã³ãã³ãã¥ãŒã«ããGoogle Centersã¯ãé«éã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®ç¥æ®¿ã§ããGoogleplexã§ãããå°å ã®å®æã¯Taylorismã§ããGoogleã¯ãCEOã®Eric Scââhmidtã«ãããšãã枬å®ã®ç§åŠãäžå¿ã«èšç«ãããäŒç€Ÿãã§ãããGoogleã§è¡ãããŠããããã¹ãŠãäœç³»åãããããšãç®æããŠãããšãããæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ãä»ã®ãµã€ããéããŠåéãããã©ãã€ãã®è¡åããŒã¿ã«åºã¥ããŠãå瀟ã¯1æ¥ã«æ°ååã®å®éšãè¡ããããŒããŒãããžãã¹ã¬ãã¥ãŒãå ±åãããã®çµæã䜿çšããŠã人ã ãæ å ±ãæ€çŽ¢ããŠãããç解ããæ¹æ³ãå¶åŸ¡ããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãæ¹è¯ããŠããŸãã ã
ãã€ã©ãŒãèäœåŽåã®ããã«ããããšãã°ãŒã°ã«ã¯ã¡ã³ã¿ã«ã¯ãŒã¯ã®ããã«ããŸããã
å瀟ã¯ããäžçèŠæš¡ã®æ å ±ãæŽçããäžçäžã®æ å ±ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããæçšã«ããããšãã䜿åœãšããŠããŸãã圌ãã¯ãå®ç§ãªæ€çŽ¢ããŒã«ãã®éçºã«åªããŠããŸãããå®ç§ãªæ€çŽ¢ããŒã«ããšã¯ããããªããæå³ãããã®ãæ£ç¢ºã«ç解ããããªããæããã®ãæ£ç¢ºã«æäŸãããã®ããšå®çŸ©ãããŠããŸãã Googleã®èŠ³ç¹ããèŠããšãæ å ±ã¯äžçš®ã®è£œåã§ãããçµæžçãªå¹çã§ãã€ãã³ã°ããã³åŠçã§ããå®çšçãªãªãœãŒã¹ã§ãã確ãã«ãããå€ãã®æ å ±ãååŸã§ããã°ããã®äžããæ¬è³ªãããè¿ éã«æœåºããããšãã§ããç§ãã¡ã¯ææ³å®¶ãšããŠããçç£çã«ãªããŸãã
ããã§çµããã¯ã©ãã§ããïŒã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒãµã€ãšã³ã¹ã®å士è«æã®ããã«ã¹ã¿ã³ãã©ãŒãã§åãããšãã«Googleãèšç«ããæèœã®ããè¥è ãã»ã«ã²ã€ããªã³ãšã©ãªãŒãã€ãžã¯ãæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ããè³ã«çŽæ¥æ¥ç¶ã§ããHALãã·ã³ã«äŒŒã人工ç¥èœã«å€ããããšãã圌ãã®é¡æã«ã€ããŠæ£çŽã«èªã£ãŠããŸãã ãæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ã¯ã人éãšåããããè³¢ããããã«è³¢ãããšæ°å¹Žåã«èšã£ãã ãç§ãã¡ã«ãšã£ãŠãæ€çŽ¢ã§ã®äœæ¥ã¯äººå·¥ç¥èœã®ããã«åãæ¹æ³ã§ããã 2004幎ã®ãã¥ãŒãºãŠã£ãŒã¯ãšã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒã§ãããªãŒã³ã¯ããã¡ãããäžçäžããã®æ å ±ãããªãã®è³ããŸãã¯ããªããããé«åºŠãªäººå·¥å¿ã«çŽæ¥å ¥ã£ãŠããã°çŽ æŽãããããšã ããšèªã£ãã Pageã¯ãã€ãŠç§åŠè ã®äŒè°ã§ãGoogleã¯ãå®éã«äººå·¥ç¥èœãäœæããããšããŠããã倧èŠæš¡ã«äœæããããšããŠããããšèªã£ãŠããŸããã
ãããã¯èªç¶ã®éæã§ãããè³è³ã«å€ãããã®ã§ãããªããªãããããã¯èªç±ã«äœ¿ããè«å€§ãªçŸéãšããµãŒãã¹ã«æºããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒç§åŠè ã®å°ããªè»éãšã®äžå¯Ÿã®æ°åŠçè³¢æãããæ¥ãŠããããã§ãã Eric Scââhmidtã«ãããšãæ¬è³ªçã«Googleã®ãµã€ãšã³ã¹ãã³ãã£ãŒã¯ããŸã 解決ãããŠããªãåé¡ã解決ããããšããé¡æã«åºã¥ããŠããŸãã人工ç¥èœã¯æãé£ããã¿ã¹ã¯ã§ããããªã³ãšããŒãžããã®ããããåã¿ãããªãã®ã¯ãªãã§ããïŒ
ããããè³ãæ¹åãããå ŽåããŸãã¯äººå·¥ç¥èœã«çœ®ãæããããå Žåã§ããç§ãã¡ãããè¯ãã ãããšãã圌ãã®çŽ æŽãªä»®å®ã¯ãé©ãã¹ããã®ã§ããããã¯ãç¥æ§ãæ©æ¢°çããã»ã¹ã®çµæã§ãããåé¢ã枬å®ãæé©åã§ããäžé£ã®åå¥ã®ã¹ãããã®çµæã§ãããšãã信念ãåŒã³èµ·ãããŸãã
Googleã®äžçã§ã¯ããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã«ãªã£ããšãã«é¥ãäžçã§ã¯ããããŸããªèãã®äœå°ã¯ã»ãšãã©ãããŸããããããŸããã¯æŽå¯ã®æãç©Žã§ã¯ãããŸããããééãã¯è§£æ¶ãããŸãããŸãã人éã®è³ã¯ãããé«éãªããã»ããµãšãã倧ããªããŒããã©ã€ããå¿ èŠãšãããæ代é ãã®ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã«ãããŸããã
ç§ãã¡ã®å¿ã¯é«éã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ããã«æ©èœãããšããèãã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®åœ±é¿äžã«ããã ãã§ãªããæ¯é çãªããžãã¹ã¢ãã«ã§ããããŸãã Webããã°ããããã²ãŒããã-ã¯ãªãã¯ãããªã³ã¯ãå¢ããé²èŠ§ããããŒãžãå¢ãã-Googleãä»ã®äŒæ¥ãåœç€Ÿã«é¢ããæ å ±ãååŸããŠåºåãæäŸããæ©äŒãå¢ããŸãã
ãªã³ã©ã€ã³åºåã®ã»ãšãã©ã®ææè ã¯ããªã³ã¯ãããªã³ã¯ã«ãžã£ã³ãããŠäºçŽããããŒã¿ã®ã¹ãããããåéããããšã«çµæžçã«èå³ããããŸãããããã®ãã·ã¥ã¬ããããå€ãã»ã©è¯ãã§ãããããŠã圌ãã®çµæžçå©çã®ããã«ããã£ãããšããèªæžãé ãèªæžãéäžããæèã奚å±ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
Galaxy Internetã®äœãå±éºã§ããïŒ
ããããç§ã¯ç¡é§ã«å¿é ããŠããŸããæè¡ã®é²æ©ã称è³ããåŸåãããããã«ãéããããŸãããã¹ãŠã®æ°ããããŒã«ãæ©æ¢°ã«ææªã®äºæ ãäºæ³ããããšã§ãããã©ãã³ã®ãã§ãã©ã§ã¯ããœã¯ã©ãã¹ã¯å·çã®çºå±ãåããŸããã圌ã¯ã人ã ãåžžã«é ã®äžã§ä¿æããŠããç¥èã®ä»£ãããšããŠãæžãããèšèã«é Œãããšã«æ £ããããšãæãããã€ã¢ãã°ã®ç»å Žäººç©ã®äžäººã«ããã°ããèšæ¶ã®èšç·Žãæ¢ããŠå¿ããããšãã§ãããããšãæããããããŠã圌ãã¯ãé©åãªæ瀺ãªãã«å€ãã®æ å ±ãåŸãããšãã§ãããã®ã§ããç¥èããããšèããŠããããã»ãšãã©ã®éšåã¯å®å šã«ç¡ç¥ã§ãããã圌ãã¯ãæ¬åœã®ä»£ããã«çãããç¥æµã§æºããããã§ããããããœã¯ã©ãã¹ã¯ééã£ãŠããŸããã§ãã-æ°ããæè¡ã¯ãã°ãã°åœŒãæããŠããå¹æãæ£ç¢ºã«çã¿åºããŸãã-ããã圌ã¯è¿èŠçŒçã§ããã圌ã¯äºèŠã§ããªãã£ãæžãããšãèªãããšã®å€ãã®æ¹æ³ããæ å ±ãæ°é®®ãªã¢ã€ãã¢ãåºãã人éã®ç¥èãåºããïŒç¥æµã§ã¯ãªãã«ããïŒã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã€ããšã
15äžçŽã«ã°ããã³ãã«ã¯ãå°å·æ©ãçºèŠããããšã§ãæ°ããæè¡ã«é¢ãããæ¯ããããã®å¥ã®æ³¢ãå§ãŸããŸãããã€ã¿ãªã¢ã®ãã¥ãŒããã¹ããããšããã¢ã»ã¹ã«ã«ãã£ãªãã£ã³ã¯ãæ¬ãç°¡åã«æã«å ¥ããããšãç¥çæ lazã«ã€ãªããã人ã ããå€åããäœäžããããå¿ã匱ããããšãæããŠããŸãããä»ã®äººã ã¯ãå®äŸ¡ã«å°å·ãããæ¬ããªãŒãã¬ããã¯å®æçæš©åšãå·ã€ããåŠè ãæžèšè ãéå°è©äŸ¡ããæåãæŸbaãåºããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã€ãšäž»åŒµããã
ãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯å€§åŠã®ææã§ããã¯ã¬ã€ã»ã·ã£ãŒããŒãæžããããã«ããå°å·æ©ã«å¯Ÿããè°è«ã®ã»ãšãã©ã¯æ£è§£ã§ãããäºèšçã§ãããã£ãããããããåã³ãæ²èŠ³è«è ã¯ãå°å·ãããèšèãäžããå€ãã®å©ç¹ãæ³åããããšãã§ããŸããã§ããã
ãããã£ãŠããã¡ãããããªãã¯ç§ã®æçè«ã«æççã§ããã¹ãã§ããã©ããããã¹ã¿ã«ãžã¹ãã®ãããªã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããè©è«å®¶ãæ¯æããªã人ã¯æ£ãããããããŸããããããŠãæ å ±æŽ»åã«drããŠããç§ãã¡ã®é掻åã®ããã«ãç¥ççºèŠãšæ®éçãªç¥æµã®é»éæ代ãæ¥ãã§ããããããã§ããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¯ã¢ã«ãã¡ãããã§ã¯ãªããå°å·æ©ã«åã£ãŠä»£ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããããŸã£ããç°ãªããã®ãçã¿åºããŸãã
å°å·æ©ãä¿é²ããäžçš®ã®æ·±ãèªã¿ã¯ãèè ã®èšèããæœåºããç¥èã ãã§ãªãã圌ããç§ãã¡ã®å¿ã®è žã§åŒãèµ·ããå ±é³Žã®ããã«ã貎éã§ãã
æ¬ãéäžçã«èªãã ããä»ã®çèããçµæãšããŠéããã空éã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯èªåã®å£äœãæ¢ããèªåã®çµè«ãšé¡æšãåŒãåºããèªåã®èããå°ãåºããŸãã Marianne Wolfã«ãããšããã£ãŒããªãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¯ãã£ãŒãã·ã³ãã³ã°ãšèŠåããã€ããŸããã
ãã®èœåã倱ããããã¹ãŠãæœè±¡çãªãã³ã³ãã³ããã«çœ®ãæãããšãèªåèªèº«ã ãã§ãªãæåã«ãšã£ãŠãéèŠãªäœããç ç²ã«ããŸããæè¿ã®ãšãã»ã€ã§ãåäœå®¶ã®ãªãã£ãŒãã»ãã©ã¢ãã³ã¯ãäœãå±æ©ã«atããŠããããéåŒã«èª¬æããŸããã
ãç§ã¯è¥¿æŽæåã®åäŸã§ãããçæ³ïŒç§ã®çæ³ïŒã¯å€§èå ãé«åºŠãªæè²ãåãã人éå šäœãšåããããè€éã§ã-西æŽã®éºç£å šäœã®ãŠããŒã¯ã§å人çã«åçŸããããã£ã¹ããéã¶ç·æ§ãŸãã¯å¥³æ§ã [ãããä»]ç§ãã¡ïŒç§ãå«ãïŒã«ã¯ãæ å ±éå€ã®å§åã®äžã§éçºãããŠããæ°ããçš®é¡ã®ãç§ããæã€è€éãªå éšçµç¹ã®ä»£ããããã€ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ãã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãã®æè¡ããããŸãã
ç§ãã¡ã¯ãã¯ããæåéºç£ã®ã¬ããŒããªãŒããšæ··ããåããªãããããã¿ã³ãã¯ãªãã¯ããã ãã§ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããå¹ åºãæ å ±ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã«åºããããã³ã±ãŒãã®äººã ãã«ãªããªã¹ã¯ããããŸãã
ãã¥ãŒããªãã¯ã®æãäºèš
The Space Odysseyã®ã·ãŒã³ã¯ç§ãæ©ãŸããŸãã圌女ãéåžžã«éãå¥åŠãªãã®ã«ããŠããã®ã¯ã圌ã®ç¥æ§ã®åæã«å¯Ÿããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã®ææ çãªåå¿ã§ãã圌ã®çµ¶æãèšç»ã次ã ã«æ¶ãå»ããšãã圌ã¯å¹Œçšãªæ¹æ³ã§å®å®é£è¡å£«ã«å°ããæ¹æ³ã§ããæããŸãããããŠããã£ããŒã¬ã§ç§ãã¡ãç¡å®ã®ç¶æ ãšåŒã¶ãããããªããã®ã«æ»ãããšãæããŠããŸãã HALãææ ã泚ãåºãããšã¯ãããããã®ããã«ä»äºãããç¡æå³ãªäººéã®å§¿ãšã¯å¯Ÿç §çã§ãã圌ãã®èããææ ã¯ãã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã«åŸã£ãŠè¡åãããã®ããã«ã·ããªãªã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšãªããŸãã SFæ ç»ã®äžçã§ã¯ã人ã ã¯è»ã«éåžžã«äŒŒãŠãããæã人éçãªæ§æ Œã¯åãªãè»ã§ããããããã¥ãŒããªãã¯ã®æé»ã®äºèšã®æ¬è³ªã§ããç§ãã¡ã¯ãäžçãç解ããäžã§ç§ãã¡ã®ã¬ã€ãã«ãªã£ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã«äŸåããããšã«æ £ããŠããŸãããããŠãç§ãã¡èªèº«ã®ç¥æ§ã人工çã«è¿ã¥ããŠããŸãã
èè ïŒãŠã©ãžããŒã«ã¹ãããã